#相似詞語辨析04
above, over
這兩個詞都能用作副詞、介詞和形容詞:在用作介詞時,都可以表示“位置和等級在.........之上”的意思,故很易混淆們。他們的區別如下:
(一)在表示“位置在......之上”時,Over的涵義是“垂直在上”(vertically up from),而above的涵義是“在.........之上”,它可能垂直在上,也可能不是垂直在上。是above的對語是below;over的對語是under。
(二)在表示“等級在......之上”時,above和over有直接和非直接的區別,前者表示非直接的關係,後者表示直接的關係。例如“大使”ambassador的職位是 above“公使”minister,但是一國的大使只能是over 本國的公使,而不能是Over其他國家的公使。
下面請看例句:
We are now flying above the clouds.
我們現在在雲層上飛行。
The mountain is three thousand feet above the sea.
這座山海拔三千英尺。
The sun appeared above the horizon.
太陽出現在地平綫上。
They are now flying over Hong Kong.
現在他們在香港上空飛行。
The rank of ambassador is above that of minister, but the French ambassador is not over the Danish minister.
大使的職位雖然比公使高,但是法國大使的職位並不在丹麥公使之上。
如前所述,above與below相對,over則和under相對, 但在某此句子裏,below和under的涵義大不相同。例:
He wore a waistcoat under his jacket.
She wore a skirt below her jacket
請注意,under his jacket 是“在短上衣的裏面”; below her jacket 是“在短上衣的下面”。
最後,再回過頭來談一下 above 放在名詞前作定語用的情況。西方學者 John C. French 在其Writing一書中寫道: "Above. Undesirable in such use as ‘the above statement'"。其實,這種用法在現代英語中是非常普通的。我們在英美文學作品和一般報刊中,可以經常看到下列的用法:
The above passage, the above notes, the above events, the above list, the above discussion, the above remarks, the above propositions, the above specimens, the above reflections, the above exposition... .
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under below用法 在 玳瑚師父 Master Dai Hu Facebook 的最佳解答
【玳瑚師父佛學論】 《夢不到妳你》
Can't Dream of You (English version below)
人間為何是人間,因還有罣念,有罣念就始終離不開一個情字。依此因緣,就跳不出紅塵,繼續被滾滾紅塵掩埋佛性,虛度光陰,塵勞混成團,想透出頭來也是難。 如此這般狀況,「死睡」者多過於「活睡」者。就算妳你想夢見的對象想給妳你夢,試問妳你又如何夢得到她他呢?
過去早已有多人嚮吾申訴,夢不到她他們欲想夢到的親眷。大多的她他們都想知道其親眷到底在何境界,現在不知過得好不好,等等。有些問過乩童,不是每位都有所要領。有些則嚮米婆求助,同樣不是每位都有所滿意。到底是乩童不靈,米婆不靈,還是...?確實是有不靈的,但有時候問題並不出現在乩童或米婆身上,而是在問事的人身上。
若干年前,就有一位「欠狗債」的妙齡女郎來到吾跟前,嚮吾請教如何才能夢到其愛狗。其狗與吾有一面之緣,因此就教她欲夢其愛狗的方法。這方法是佛所傳授,照理是不可能不成的。吾叫她取來一條五色線,「淨化」後加持密咒,然後清楚地說明用法。可是她不只沒夢著,還做了惡夢。當吾知道此事後,立馬做了一番邏輯性的審查,此女無法圓夢的原因,可分為以下三點。
一;平日的德行不夠。此點吾早已知之甚詳,證人是其家眷。
二;信力不夠。
三;此點甚為重要。那就是不如法。
吾之所以說問題出在此女,那是因為還有一點可證明。她的父親曾向吾求取法寶保佑其弟國外軍訓吉祥平安。吾以類似方法助之。其弟回來後,親口告訴父親,軍隊中有多人出事,但他卻平安回來。其父母歡喜嚮吾答謝。這並不是巧合,當中個人的德行自然地也算在其中。這也為什麼吾一直地苦口婆心,殷勤為妳你們解說,就是希望大家都能夠吉祥如意圓滿啊!
想夢到任何人都是有辦法的。但這方法中自然也必需有前段述之的三個因緣啊!要不然就得視妳你與亡者的頻率而定了。好好努力地學習,將來就不會再哀嘆,「夢不到妳你」了。
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The human realm exists because of clinging attachments, and most of it got to do with matters of the heart. As a result of these affinities, you are trapped in this never-ending cycle of sufferings, burying your Buddha nature. Your time is wasted and it is hard to break out of the drudgery of life. Under such circumstances, many are just "sleeping dead", and very few are really "awake while sleeping". How would you then be able to dream of the person on your mind even if the other party wishes to enter your dreams?
In the past, many people had complained to me that they could not dream of their deceased relatives. They mostly wanted to know how their deceased relatives were doing, and at which realm they were, etc. Some went to the shamans but not everybody were satisfied with the answers while some consulted the "rice ladies" (mediums) and went away clueless too. Does the problem lie with the shamans, the mediums or...? There are times that such answers are inaccurate and there are times the problem is not due to the shamans or the mediums but the person asking for answers.
Many years ago, there was a young lady who came to me for help. She had a deep karmic debt owed to her deceased pet dog. She wanted to see her pet in her dream and asked me to teach her how. I had a brief affinity with the dog, thus my decision to teach her. The technique was taught by the Buddha and should have worked well. I asked her to bring me a five-coloured thread. After cleansing it, I empowered it with Tantric mantras and taught her how to use it. However, not only did she not dream of her pet, she had nightmares. When I came to know of it, I made a logical deduction. Here are 3 main reasons why the young lady did not get her wish fulfilled.
Firstly, the merits of that person are insufficient. I had known this fact beforehand and it was evident to her family members too.
Secondly, her faith is not enough.
Thirdly, and an important one, the steps in the ritual were not adhered to.
I can offer another proof when I said that the problem lies with the girl. Her father once came to me to ask for a protective charm for her brother who was going overseas for army training. I used a similar technique to assist him. When the son returned home, he told his father that many of comrades had troubles during the mission but he himself managed to return safely. His parents happily thanked me. This is no mere coincidence. The moral conduct of the answer-seeker is a major contributing factor here. That is the reason why I relentlessly and painstakingly explaining to you, hoping that everyone can be auspicious.
There are certainly ways to dream of anyone that you wishes. However you would need to fulfill the three prerequisites as stated earlier in this article. Otherwise, the energy frequencies of the deceased and yourself shall determine the chance of him or her appearing in your dream. Put in the effort to learn and you will no longer be lamenting "I can't dream of you!"
www.masterdaihu.com/cant-dream-of-you/
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under below用法 在 阿滴英文 Youtube 的最讚貼文
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under below用法 在 阿滴英文 Youtube 的最佳解答
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under below用法 在 语法系列(九)最常用介词on, at, above, over, below, under 实际 ... 的美食出口停車場
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Below, beneath, under, underneath 的分別: 就介系詞用法而言,除了若干不同的意思外,它們均意為「(指位置) 在…的下面,在…之下」。 Below (反義詞為above) 表示某一 ... ... <看更多>