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［時事英文］美國正式退出世衛組織
Do you think this was the "right" move? What are some factors we must consider? Leave a comment!
*scare quotes: https://bit.ly/3gHWPca
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《華爾街日報》專文：
The U.S. has formally notified the World Health Organization it will withdraw from the United Nations agency over President Trump’s criticism of its ties to China, a move critics say will hamper the international fight against the Covid-19 pandemic and sap the U.S. of global influence.
1. World Health Organization 世界衛生組織（簡稱ＷＨＯ）
2. withdraw 使退出
3. the United Nations agency 聯合國機構
4. ties to 跟...的關係；聯繫
5. hamper 阻礙
6. pandemic 全球大流行的疾病
7. sap (v.)（尤指經過一段很長的時間）削弱；使耗盡
8. global influence 全球影響力
美國已正式通知世界衛生組織，基於總統川普對ＷＨＯ與中國關係的抨擊，美國將退出這個聯合國下屬機構。批評人士表示，此舉將阻礙國際社會抗擊新冠大流行，並削弱美國的全球影響力。
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The U.S. State Department sent notice to the U.N. on July 6 it would end its 72-year-old membership in the WHO. The exit won’t take effect until next July, leaving it contingent on Mr. Trump’s re-election. His rival for the White House, presumptive Democratic presidential nominee Joe Biden, said Tuesday the U.S. would remain a member if he wins.
9. The U.S. State Department 美國國務院
10. membership 會籍；會員身分；會員資格
11. exit (n./v.) 退出
12. take effect 起作用；産生效果
13. contingent on/upon sth 視⋯⋯而定；因⋯⋯而變；取決於⋯⋯
14. re-election 連任；再度當選
15. rival 競爭者；對手
16. the White House 白宮（美國總統府）
17. presumptive 可據以推定的；推測為真的
18. Democratic 美國民主黨的
19. presidential nominee 總統候選人
美國國務院７月６日向聯合國發出通知，稱將終止美國在ＷＨＯ長達７２年的成員身份。美國退出ＷＨＯ要到明年７月才會生效，因此最後結果將取決於川普是否連任。川普的競選對手、民主黨候選人拜登週二表示，如果他獲勝，美國將繼續是ＷＨＯ的成員。
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The U.S. is the single largest donor to the WHO, giving about $450 million a year, much of it earmarked for specific diseases such as polio, which has nearly been eradicated. A U.S. exit would eliminate that funding going forward and leave the WHO more dependent on private donors, such as the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, its second-largest contributor. It would accelerate a shift in which global health increasingly relies on a handful of billionaire donors and charities, with national governments reluctant to offer more taxpayer funds, public health experts have said.
20. donor 捐贈者
21. earmark 指定⋯⋯作特定用途
22. polio 脊髓灰質炎；小兒麻痺症
23. eradicate 根除；消滅；杜絕
24. eliminate 消除
25. Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation 比爾暨梅琳達蓋茲基金會
26. contributor 捐獻者；捐助者；捐款人
27. accelerate 促使⋯⋯早日發生
28. a shift in... 對⋯⋯的改變（主意、立場等）
29. a handful of billionaire 少數的億萬富翁
30. reluctant 不情願的；勉強的
31. taxpayer 納稅人
美國是ＷＨＯ的單一最大捐贈者，每年捐款約４.５億美元，其中大部分款項專門用於脊髓灰質炎等特定疾病。脊髓灰質炎已經接近被消除。美國退出會使ＷＨＯ在未來失去上述資金，將令該機構更多地依賴私人捐贈者，例如其第二大捐贈者比爾暨梅琳達蓋茲基金會。公共衛生專家表示，這將加速一項轉變，即全球衛生依賴於少數億萬富翁捐贈者和慈善機構，而非西方大型政府的納稅人資金。
*「donor」與「contributor」雖皆有捐贈者之義，惟後者之捐款帶有意向性與合作性，如蓋茲基金會捐贈專款供杜絕小兒麻痺症研究之用；前者則是單純捐款，同時也能作「器官」捐贈者。
《華爾街日報》完整內容：https://on.wsj.com/38DizTu
圖片出處：https://bit.ly/2O5pP1d
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US Taiwan Watch: 美國台灣觀測站世衛專題：https://bit.ly/2W0aG5A
ＮＰＲ報導：https://n.pr/325ejLz
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對新聞英文和批判性思考有興趣的同學也可以參考我的課程：
🌎 https://bit.ly/3eTHIvH
＃國際時事英文
Start where you are and change the ending. 🌸
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