關於 ten家境 ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

#科學人書摘📙【拯救或毀滅世界的十種新創科技（Soonish）】

新肝臟列印就有，讓我們乾杯吧！

想像有一天你一覺醒來，感覺疲憊不堪而且很想吐。等終於吐完了，你照照鏡子，發現眼睛和皮膚有點黃黃的。你把兒子叫來，他趕緊開車送你去醫院。幾個小時後，你的醫生進來，臉色凝重。你需要新的肝臟。

「嗯，」你心想，「找個肝臟會有多難？我認識的一大堆人都有肝臟。」你瞧瞧護理師。不行⋯⋯太小了。你瞧瞧醫生。不行⋯⋯太老了。你瞧瞧你兒子，眼神一亮。他搖搖頭。

「老爸，我小時候打少棒時，你如果多來看幾場⋯⋯」

所以你走投無路了，只好加入等候器官移植名單，名單上目前有十二萬兩千多人。不過，你運氣很好，排隊等候肝臟的只有區區一萬五千人。

根據你的所在位置、健康情形、年齡等因素，可以預期的是，你等候的時間少則數月、多則三年。通常肝臟會先給病情最危急的人，這代表你可能要等到病情從「很糟」變成「糟透了」，才能獲得優先權。而且不行！不准為了早一點得到肝臟而拚命喝酒。

名列器官移植名單，不一定代表你會及時得到肝臟。美國每年有八千位等候器官的人死亡。不過，假設你是家境富裕的美國人好了。你肯定有更好的選擇。你可以成為醫療觀光客去其他國家，付錢叫陌生人把部分的肝臟「捐贈」給你。

你可能要考慮一下肝臟是哪裡來的。或許你根本不用考慮。比方說，如果你去中國，你的肝臟可能是來自被處決的死刑犯。

即使你能接受器官買賣的觀念，而且知道器官是人家自願捐贈的，那你可能要想一下，如何定義「自願」。有證據顯示，在這樣的體系裡，最常見的器官捐贈者都是指望還清債務的窮人。通常這些人得到的報酬會比當初講好的還少，而且到最後反而會更窮，因為他們的工作時數變少了，或是因為拙劣的手術影響了健康。

所以你又回過頭來找自己的家人和朋友，乞求他們施捨一點肝臟。肝臟具有相當神奇的再生能力，所以你不需要整個肝臟。「拜託啦，」你說：「只是一小塊肝臟而已嘛！」

在你對自己二十年前錯過一場重要的少棒賽表示由衷的悔意之後，你好不容易說服你兒子捐贈。結果，你發現他和你不相容。哈！所以你沒去看那些少棒賽是對的。道歉收回。

假如你很能撐，總算等到死者捐出的器官，恐怕還是得一輩子服用昂貴的免疫抑制劑。由於器官不是你的，你的身體一開始可能會視它為異體，因此你的免疫系統會攻擊它。免疫抑制劑容許肝臟留下來，但是因為抑制了免疫反應，這些藥也會讓你增加感染的風險。

科學來效力
於是你突發奇想 —多年來你一直在繳稅金給科學界。那些穿白袍的書呆子為什麼不乾脆利用科學給你全新的肝臟？你聽說最近 3D 列印機很厲害。它們能不能為你複製幾個健康的肝臟？於是你上 Amazon 網站，買了一本關於生物列印的書，翻到前言：

唯有時間知道，細胞列印機是否能真正成為器官列印機……達到組織工程學界過去二十多年來致力的目標 —創造比「肉味果凍」更像樣的東西！

林蓋森（Bradley Ringeisen）編輯
《細胞與器官列印》（Cell and Organ Printing）

噁心！

嗯，好吧，比噁心好一點啦。事實上，研究人員已經能夠印出可用的器官組織，而且許多人正努力使該領域朝向列印整個器官邁進。

早期利用真正的細胞來製作人造器官的嘗試，基本上就像這樣 —利用某種相對較硬的材料製成支架，然後在支架上噴塗適當的細胞。給那些細胞一些東西吃，然後看著器官長出來。這簡直是史上最恐怖的番茄園。

結果並不是很成功。細胞不夠密集，生長用掉太多時間，而且至少在初期，支架的材料竟然具有毒性。事實證明，器官真的非常複雜。不是把一堆肝臟細胞噴在培養皿上就沒事了，就像不能把一堆牛排細胞噴在盤子上，就變出美味的牛排一樣。器官有些部分是軟的，有些部分是硬的，有些具伸展性，有些則是剛體。

想瞭解為何在實驗室裡製造器官這麼困難，我們有必要先來談一下「你」。你可能有這樣的概念：你的身體是由一堆細胞和液體構成的。這麼說倒是沒錯，卻忽略了一大堆東西。考慮剛形成的單一細胞。那個細胞需要能量方可移動。它需要化學訊號告訴它該去哪裡。一旦它知道自己要去哪裡，可能需要環境的提示才知道要做什麼。而且細胞需要某些結構將它們固定在適當的地方，否則「肉果凍」就會變得水水的。

你的肝臟不是只坐等處理店家在「歡樂時光」招待的飲料。它一直都在工作，例如收發化學訊息、移除死細胞、製造新細胞等等。為了製造新的肝臟，你要有正確的細胞，並在正確的環境、正確的時間對它們進行正確的處理。這有點像是一下子就生出一家工廠，而不是先蓋工廠架構，然後裝機器，然後雇用員工。

我們和萊斯大學的米勒（Jordan Miller）博士談到複製出這種複雜性，他告訴我們：「雖然科學家可以在培養皿中培養細胞，但身體的奇妙結構使我們擁有相當緊密的形狀。比方說，肺臟表面與血液進行氣體交換的面積，等於把整個網球場摺起來塞進你的胸腔。因此，如果我們無法複製奇妙結構的至少某些部分，根本沒辦法製造具有功能的替代器官。」

本文摘自第九章《生物列印：要是可以列印新的肝臟，為什麼才喝七杯瑪格麗塔酒就不喝了？》

-----------小檔案------------
《拯救或毀滅世界的十種新創科技》
《Soonish: Ten Emerging Technologies That’ll Improve and/or Ruin Everything》
作者：凱莉‧韋納史密斯（Kelly Weinersmith）、查克•韋納史密斯（Zach Weinersmith）
譯者：黃靜雅

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我是Jacky，是土生土長的香港人。父母在我小時候已經離緍，我和弟弟跟隨母親生活，因為家境貧困，她需要外出工作。年幼時我和弟弟常常生病，很多時兩兄弟一起入住醫院，母親經常在醫院門前哭泣，當時使到自己很不開心。讀書時並沒有參加任何課外活動，放學後唯一的娛樂，便是與弟弟到公園與街童玩耍。那時住在深水埗區品流比較複雜，所以很多時候都會被欺負和毆打。
因為無心向學，中學會考時的成績是「0」分，知道自己讀書不成，便出來社會工作，因誤交損友，染上了賭博惡習。所有賭博都參與，如賽馬和足球，而且愈來愈沉迷。結婚後也繼續賭博，最後輸掉所有金錢，債主上門追債，當時除了自己覺得寢食不安之外，家人也被牽連，不斷受到滋擾。
有一天當我回家，看到飯裡有飯，還有一張字條，是前妻寫給我的，字條中寫着「我不能陪你繼續走這一段路，因為覺得壓力很大，兒子亦不希望爸爸是賭徒，所以我選擇離開」。
有一晚我登上天台，心裡只想着人生甚麽都輸光了，妻兒也離開了，當時受了很大的打擊，一時想不通，選擇就此結束生命。在那一刻不知道是否天意，我聽到了一首用色士風吹奏的歌曲「為你鍾情」，我立刻停下來想一想，在腦海中看到的景象是媽媽，想着如結束了生命最痛苦的是她，她最少也供養了我十八年，然後再想自己為何會有今天的結果，是當年不發奮讀書和有貪念，沉迷賭博，所以欠下一身債，那一刻清醒了，決定改過自身，亦覺得什麽事情也可以從頭開始。
之後戒掉賭博，努力工作，入讀夜校進修，和參與一些義務工作。因為一首歌救回我的生命，所以便去學習色士風，但半年也找不到導師，可能十幾年前在香港是不流行色士風音樂，機緣巧合之下我遇到現在的拍檔及啟蒙恩師張Sir我一直跟隨張Sir 學習色士風，但我們更希望可以將這門色士風音樂，在香港發揚光大，因此與張Sir創辦了一間專門教授色士風音樂學校。因當時香港沒有專門教授這種樂器的學校，所以吸引了很多傳媒採訪，現在我們已經有幾間分校。
在二零一一年的時候，我們開始義務教導一些學生，創立了義工隊。最初義工隊會到老人院義務表演，亦會到不同的醫院，用音樂來鼓勵末期病人。我們亦會帶同表演學生的家長前往，讓他們看到子女們，將所學到的回饋社會。我們每年最少資助二十位學生免費學音樂。
這十多年我積極參與義務工作，將我的經歷用說話，和透過社交平台與大家分享，鼓勵年青人，雖然面對逆境，但並非一定是絕路，因為身旁還有家人和朋友，會支持和協助你，我亦希望是其中一人。
最後我希望以自身經歷啟發各位年輕人: 做事絕不能急功近利。希望大家先學懂付出，學會虛心學習、學會分享、堅持信念，唯用心創造價值後，回報將意想不到地到來。不要以為小人物做小事，你不會知道後面會變成多大的事！就讓我們做一個快樂的小人物！「共勉之~加油！」
I am Jacky. I was born and raised in Hong Kong. My parents were divorced when I was young. My younger brother and I lived with our mother. She had to go out to work because we were very poor. When I was young, my brother and I often got sick. Oftentimes, we had to live in the hospital together. My mother used to cry outside the hospital. At that time, I felt very upset. I did not attend any extracurricular activities while I was in school. After school, the only fun thing I did with my brother was to play with the street kids. We lived in Sham Shui Po. It was a rather complicated area. That was why we were often bullied and beaten up.
As I was not interested in my studies, I got ‘0’ points for my school public examinations. I knew I was not a good student. That was the reason why I decided to work in the society. I made bad friends and got into the habit of gambling. I took part in all sorts of gambling such as, horse racing, soccer and got increasingly addicted. After I got married, I still continued to gamble. In the end, I lost all my money. Creditors came to my home for money. During that time, I had a strong sense of unease. My family was also affected. They were constantly disturbed.
There was one day when I returned home and found rice in the rice cooker. There was also a letter. It was written by my former wife. It wrote: ‘I am unable to continue walking this road with you because I am under a lot of pressure. Our son also does not want a gambling addict for a father. That is why I have made the decision to leave you.’
I went to the rooftop one evening. My heart only knew that I have lost everything. My wife and son have also left me. I was really devastated and could not think straight. I chose to end my life. At that moment, I did not know whether it was by fate or not, but I heard a song played by the saxophone. I immediately stopped and collected my thoughts. In my mind, I saw my mother. I knew that if I ended my life, she would be the one in the most pain. She supported me for at least 18 years. I then asked myself how I ended up here. It was because I did not study hard back in the days and was full of greed. I was addicted to gambling that was why I was deep in debt. I found my conscience at once. I made up my mind to start all over again. I felt that you can always start from scratch.
I eventually quit gambling for good and focused on work. I took courses in evening school and did voluntary work. A song saved my life. That was why I went to learn the saxophone. For half a year, I was unable to find a tutor. It may be because more than a decade ago, saxophone music was not very popular in Hong Kong. By destiny, I met my current partner and master, Cheung Sir.
I continued to learn the saxophone with Cheung Sir. But we both hoped that saxophone music can bloom and spread its wings in Hong Kong. That was why we opened a school that specialized in the teaching of the saxophone. The reason was because there were no such schools in Hong Kong back then. That was why we caught a lot of media attention. We now have several branches.
In the year 2001, we started to teach some students voluntarily. We created a volunteer group. At first, they just performed at elderly homes. They would also go to different hospitals to support patients in the late stages of their illness. We brought the parents to the occasions so that they could witness their children giving back to the society with what they have learnt. In addition, we financially support at least 20 students each year to learn free-of-charge.
Over the past ten years, I have actively involved myself in voluntary work. I have shared my experiences on social media to encourage youngsters that there can be a way out even during adversity. It is because you still have family and friends around you. They will support and help you. I also hope to be one of them.
Last but not least, I hope that my own experiences can inspire youngsters. You should never rush to become successful. Please learn to sacrifice first; learn with gratitude; learn to share and stand by your belief. There will only be results when value is harnessed. You should not think that a small person can only do a small deed. You will never know how big of a person you can become in future! Let’s all be happy small people. Let’s support each other to ‘carry on together’!

感謝Hong Kong Stories「香港故事」專頁分享了自己的故事, 希望以自身經歷啟發各位年輕人:不要以為小人物做小事，你不會知道後面會變成多大的事！就讓我們做一個快樂的小人物！

如果你喜歡我的故事或「香港故事」專頁，請給我們一個 "Like"及 "Share" , 為社會帶來更多正能量！「共勉之~加油！」

https://www.facebook.com/…/a.85664964107…/1059539097454760/…

#小小人物做小事 #音樂堂慈善基金會 #用音樂扶助基層 #用關愛服務社群

我是Jacky，是土生土長的香港人。父母在我小時候已經離緍，我和弟弟跟隨母親生活，因為家境貧困，她需要外出工作。年幼時我和弟弟常常生病，很多時兩兄弟一起入住醫院，母親經常在醫院門前哭泣，當時使到自己很不開心。讀書時並沒有參加任何課外活動，放學後唯一的娛樂，便是與弟弟到公園與街童玩耍。那時住在深水埗區品流比較複雜，所以很多時候都會被欺負和毆打。
因為無心向學，中學會考時的成績是「0」分，知道自己讀書不成，便出來社會工作，因誤交損友，染上了賭博惡習。所有賭博都參與，如賽馬和足球，而且愈來愈沉迷。結婚後也繼續賭博，最後輸掉所有金錢，債主上門追債，當時除了自己覺得寢食不安之外，家人也被牽連，不斷受到滋擾。
有一天當我回家，看到飯裡有飯，還有一張字條，是前妻寫給我的，字條中寫着「我不能陪你繼續走這一段路，因為覺得壓力很大，兒子亦不希望爸爸是賭徒，所以我選擇離開」。
有一晚我登上天台，心裡只想着人生甚麽都輸光了，妻兒也離開了，當時受了很大的打擊，一時想不通，選擇就此結束生命。在那一刻不知道是否天意，我聽到了一首用色士風吹奏的歌曲「為你鍾情」，我立刻停下來想一想，在腦海中看到的景象是媽媽，想着如結束了生命最痛苦的是她，她最少也供養了我十八年，然後再想自己為何會有今天的結果，是當年不發奮讀書和有貪念，沉迷賭博，所以欠下一身債，那一刻清醒了，決定改過自身，亦覺得什麽事情也可以從頭開始。
之後戒掉賭博，努力工作，入讀夜校進修，和參與一些義務工作。因為一首歌救回我的生命，所以便去學習色士風，但半年也找不到導師，可能十幾年前在香港是不流行色士風音樂，機緣巧合之下我遇到現在的拍檔及啟蒙恩師張Sir我一直跟隨張Sir 學習色士風，但我們更希望可以將這門色士風音樂，在香港發揚光大，因此與張Sir創辦了一間專門教授色士風音樂學校。因當時香港沒有專門教授這種樂器的學校，所以吸引了很多傳媒採訪，現在我們已經有幾間分校。
在二零一一年的時候，我們開始義務教導一些學生，創立了義工隊。最初義工隊會到老人院義務表演，亦會到不同的醫院，用音樂來鼓勵末期病人。我們亦會帶同表演學生的家長前往，讓他們看到子女們，將所學到的回饋社會。我們每年最少資助二十位學生免費學音樂。
這十多年我積極參與義務工作，將我的經歷用說話，和透過社交平台與大家分享，鼓勵年青人，雖然面對逆境，但並非一定是絕路，因為身旁還有家人和朋友，會支持和協助你，我亦希望是其中一人。
最後我希望以自身經歷啟發各位年輕人: 做事絕不能急功近利。希望大家先學懂付出，學會虛心學習、學會分享、堅持信念，唯用心創造價值後，回報將意想不到地到來。不要以為小人物做小事，你不會知道後面會變成多大的事！就讓我們做一個快樂的小人物！「共勉之~加油！」
I am Jacky. I was born and raised in Hong Kong. My parents were divorced when I was young. My younger brother and I lived with our mother. She had to go out to work because we were very poor. When I was young, my brother and I often got sick. Oftentimes, we had to live in the hospital together. My mother used to cry outside the hospital. At that time, I felt very upset. I did not attend any extracurricular activities while I was in school. After school, the only fun thing I did with my brother was to play with the street kids. We lived in Sham Shui Po. It was a rather complicated area. That was why we were often bullied and beaten up.
As I was not interested in my studies, I got ‘0’ points for my school public examinations. I knew I was not a good student. That was the reason why I decided to work in the society. I made bad friends and got into the habit of gambling. I took part in all sorts of gambling such as, horse racing, soccer and got increasingly addicted. After I got married, I still continued to gamble. In the end, I lost all my money. Creditors came to my home for money. During that time, I had a strong sense of unease. My family was also affected. They were constantly disturbed.
There was one day when I returned home and found rice in the rice cooker. There was also a letter. It was written by my former wife. It wrote: ‘I am unable to continue walking this road with you because I am under a lot of pressure. Our son also does not want a gambling addict for a father. That is why I have made the decision to leave you.’
I went to the rooftop one evening. My heart only knew that I have lost everything. My wife and son have also left me. I was really devastated and could not think straight. I chose to end my life. At that moment, I did not know whether it was by fate or not, but I heard a song played by the saxophone. I immediately stopped and collected my thoughts. In my mind, I saw my mother. I knew that if I ended my life, she would be the one in the most pain. She supported me for at least 18 years. I then asked myself how I ended up here. It was because I did not study hard back in the days and was full of greed. I was addicted to gambling that was why I was deep in debt. I found my conscience at once. I made up my mind to start all over again. I felt that you can always start from scratch.
I eventually quit gambling for good and focused on work. I took courses in evening school and did voluntary work. A song saved my life. That was why I went to learn the saxophone. For half a year, I was unable to find a tutor. It may be because more than a decade ago, saxophone music was not very popular in Hong Kong. By destiny, I met my current partner and master, Cheung Sir.
I continued to learn the saxophone with Cheung Sir. But we both hoped that saxophone music can bloom and spread its wings in Hong Kong. That was why we opened a school that specialized in the teaching of the saxophone. The reason was because there were no such schools in Hong Kong back then. That was why we caught a lot of media attention. We now have several branches.
In the year 2001, we started to teach some students voluntarily. We created a volunteer group. At first, they just performed at elderly homes. They would also go to different hospitals to support patients in the late stages of their illness. We brought the parents to the occasions so that they could witness their children giving back to the society with what they have learnt. In addition, we financially support at least 20 students each year to learn free-of-charge.
Over the past ten years, I have actively involved myself in voluntary work. I have shared my experiences on social media to encourage youngsters that there can be a way out even during adversity. It is because you still have family and friends around you. They will support and help you. I also hope to be one of them.
Last but not least, I hope that my own experiences can inspire youngsters. You should never rush to become successful. Please learn to sacrifice first; learn with gratitude; learn to share and stand by your belief. There will only be results when value is harnessed. You should not think that a small person can only do a small deed. You will never know how big of a person you can become in future! Let’s all be happy small people. Let’s support each other to ‘carry on together’!