比 HIV 更可怕的 TIV —— 人際受害傾向 Tendency for Interpersonal Victimhood
心理學期刊 Personality and Individual Differences,當中心理學家拉哈夫.加貝(Rahav Gabay)和同事發表研究,提出人際受害傾向(Tendency for Interpersonal Victimhood,TIV)的概念,意思指社會上有種人,持續自我感覺在人際關係中受到迫害,並將其受害人身份放大,成為其性格組成的核心部分…… 好吧騙你啦,我是為了約會時嚇唬女生,才在網上找些晦澀到會引發便秘的文章來複述。雖然連自己也不明白,幹嘛總喜歡說在早餐時讀到?恐怕連作者爸媽也不想一起床就讀這些吧!或許引證了「求生之書」(The Gift of Fear)作者所言,作案者愈心虛,其謊言就愈喜歡堆砌細節,這書我真讀過啦,堆砌細節正是第四章討論「七個事前指標」的第三個點…… 好吧,細節又太多了,對吧?話說回來,根據研究,人際受害傾向者通常具備四大特質:
道德精英主義(moral elitism)
認為自己在道德上一直純潔無瑕,甚至從小成績就名列前茅,工作上好打得,事不避難,千錯萬錯皆他人錯,並通過指責他人不道德、不公平、自私或對其誤解來控制別人,無視及打壓異議。
認同需求(need for acknowledgment)
經常複述自身所受的怨屈,渴望自己的痛苦被觀眾看見與被承認,需要施害者為其錯誤行為承擔責任並表達歉意(或依法受刑),從而企圖讓自身獲得社會同情與支持。
對他人痛苦缺乏同理心(lack of sympathy)
過於關注自身受害者的身份,以至覺得自己有權利在過百萬人表示反對其意見後,仍可全然漠視他人所受的痛苦和折磨,直接做出攻擊性和自私行徑。
反芻含怨(rumination)
自問含怨多過入油含鉛,經常反復談論自身以往含怨受屈的經歷,而不是提出可能的解決方案。TIV 者往往會認為自己是他人消極行為的受害者。可能因為世上假新聞和黑記充斥,外界才對他們產生如此強烈的誤解與不公懲罰。當這種反芻持續一段長時間後,會內在加強 TIV 者的攻擊性。即使未有肢體攻擊,仍然可能以「西面」作出表態還擊。
研究中有項實驗,參加者與電腦共同進行一個分錢遊戲,但參加者被騙對手也是人類。而當錢被分得很不均勻時,參加者被告之有一選項,就是可透過減少對手的錢,但不增加自己的錢來向對手進行報復。實驗結果顯示,人際受害傾向較嚴重者,哪怕他們明知自己無法通過此舉來獲利,但仍會更多去選擇減少對手的錢。且參加者的負面情緒愈強烈,就愈有可能進行報復性行為。
廣東話中,人稱“丁蟹”
同時也有2部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過244萬的網紅メンタリスト DaiGo,也在其Youtube影片中提到,📘この動画内で紹介したおすすめ動画・ニコニコ動画は 知識のNetflix【Dラボ】で見放題! 今なら20日間無料→https://daigovideolab.jp/ 🐈 続きは ⭐️メンタル弱い性格変える10の行動 →【今なら20日間無料】https://daigovideolab.jp/ ⭐...
「personality and individual differences」的推薦目錄:
- 關於personality and individual differences 在 Facebook 的精選貼文
- 關於personality and individual differences 在 Facebook 的精選貼文
- 關於personality and individual differences 在 GagaTai 嘎嘎台 Facebook 的最佳解答
- 關於personality and individual differences 在 メンタリスト DaiGo Youtube 的最佳解答
- 關於personality and individual differences 在 健康巴哥 Youtube 的精選貼文
- 關於personality and individual differences 在 Type Of Individual Differences | Psychology Terms - YouTube 的評價
personality and individual differences 在 Facebook 的精選貼文
Be Who You Are, Not What Others Want You To Be!❤
Why are you single? When are you going to get married? When are you having kids? Why you don't have kids? Why is she/he divorced? What happened to them? Why are they like that? Why and why and why people like to ask these insensitive questions, being prejudice, stereotyping, speculates, gossips, and make inappropriate judgments.
How can you ask something that someone can't 100% control, just like death? Some things are unknown, it's like asking, when are you going to die? It's common sense. If you don't know this answer, means you won't know the exact why for such questions.
When someone is single by choice or it's not just the right time for them, let it be. So what if that person wants to be or will be single forever? It may be better for the person than being with the wrong partner for the rest of the person's life. You don't meddle with God's plan or even someone's choices. You can't force people to get into relationships, what's more marriage. If it is forced, how can a marriage be happy and whole? Love is a huge topic. Again it's not just about relationships and marriage.
People should not pretend to be stupid, play dumb, needy, spoiled, or fake just to attract/be with a life partner. Women and men should have their own intelligence, personality, independence, and truthfulness in life. We want to be real and genuine, and if someone wants us to be part of their life, it's better for them to know the real us from the get-go. Not presenting a false front.
A healthy relationship should be two individuals who love and care for each other, support, motivate, respect, be kind, honest, loyal, help, guide, communicate well, listen and give the very best to each other, by also being the best version of themselves. Not one person should be superior to the other or vice versa. If you feel forced and put yourself down for another person, you are probably in the wrong relationship.
Put aside status, education level, salary, or position in career, a partner and a healthy relationship should be side by side, be supportive, help each other, understand each other strengths and weaknesses, able to give and take/compromise, and open to learning from each other when it comes to marriage or any relationship.
A woman's or man's characteristics for example being soft or strong, and men prefer soft/more feminine women, and women who are less intelligent/educated than them, should not be generalized. Some men admire women who are intelligent/educated, strong, and independent and women have their preferences too. Different people are attracted to different traits. No one size fits all.
No one should pretend to be less than she/he is for the opposite partner to feel desirable or dominant. If a person desperately and constantly trying to boost their ego, be dominant or prove power especially in a relationship, this may lead to negative behavioral patterns and impacts such as emotional instability, harassment, abuse, bullying, verbal and physical violence, unhappiness, and depression.
We are all individuals in the end and have our differences. As a human being, one of the goals in life is trying to be better than we were yesterday. Trying to change ourselves for the sake of pleasing someone and pretending just to make someone feel happy or superior is not healthy and can jeopardize our own mental health and also the relationship in the long run.
If we want to change something, for example, I want to be more fitter, healthier, happier, smarter, financially independent, and so forth, it is for ourselves (without being selfish or self-absorbed). If we take care of ourselves first then we can take care of others better. Do for yourself and the motivation will be sustainable than doing for other people.
Respect and love yourself. Respect the people around you. Then we should not be degrading or intimidate anyone. This will make you a better person. We attract what we are.
Life is unique, so does human beings. Life itself is bigger than getting married, having kids, make tons of money, and so forth. This is the typical life cycles, stages and goals we all have learned in our life. The strong pressures in society dictate what is better and not just because that's what it is for the past generations have been. The pressure to fit in with society's standards and expectations is also there.
As a society and individual, let's understand deeper that not everyone will have the same life cycles and even life goals. There are things we can control and can't control. Not everything that is good for you is going to be good for other people. Having or not having something can be a blessing and sometimes only God knows why.
In life, some may walk their path of life and make choices completely different from us and that's perfectly fine. We all have our own unique journey and that makes us different, and we can use that differences to make life better for ourselves and the life of others.
Let this sink in.
#sfartography #rainbowpegasus #life #lifeadvice #motivation #relationships #marriage #begenuine #bereal #beyou
personality and individual differences 在 GagaTai 嘎嘎台 Facebook 的最佳解答
這項發現顯示「同性戀和異性戀其實沒有那麼不同」。不知道怎麼教孩子教長輩的,歡迎參考❤❤❤
personality and individual differences 在 メンタリスト DaiGo Youtube 的最佳解答
📘この動画内で紹介したおすすめ動画・ニコニコ動画は
知識のNetflix【Dラボ】で見放題!
今なら20日間無料→https://daigovideolab.jp/
🐈
続きは
⭐️メンタル弱い性格変える10の行動 →【今なら20日間無料】https://daigovideolab.jp/
⭐️カリフォルニア大学式6週間人生改造プログラム →【今なら20日間無料】https://daigovideolab.jp/
騙されないためのオススメ本
📚天才科学者はこう考える――読むだけで頭がよくなる151の視点 を Amazon でチェック! https://amzn.to/3cOhR7o
📚イシューからはじめよ ― 知的生産の「シンプルな本質」 を Amazon でチェック! https://amzn.to/3bP38ri
💰今だけ無料
DaiGoのオーディオブックがAmazonで無料で聞けます
▶︎超習慣術 https://amzn.to/2yLgJT4
▶︎超読書術 https://amzn.to/39AZpfT
▶︎超集中力 https://amzn.to/2w7RpFw
▶︎禁断の文章術 https://amzn.to/2yrHn2N
▶︎超選択術 https://amzn.to/346QeTv
※Audible無料体験にて1冊無料
この動画は、心理学の面白さを伝えることを目的として、概要欄に記載された参考資料のみならず、過去の動画を元に大胆な独自の考察したもので、あくまで一説です。動画の結論は、記載された論文とは異なる場合があります。
リサーチ協力者の1人、鈴木祐さんの論文解説チャンネルはこちら→http://ch.nicovideo.jp/paleo
Lai et al., "Who falls for rumor? Influence of personality traits on false rumor belief", Personality and Individual Differences, 2020. #今なら
#Dラボとオーディオブックが概要欄から無料
personality and individual differences 在 健康巴哥 Youtube 的精選貼文
你知道每一天 人類總共排出約700億氣體 這代表有10個屁是正在觀看影片的你放的 但是你有沒有想過為什麼自己的屁比別人的屁還不臭呢 ??
Levitt, M.D., et al., Evaluation of an extremely flatulent patient. The American Jouranl of Gastroenterology, 1998. 93(11): p. 2276-2281
McBurney, D.H., J.M. Levine, and P.H. Cavanaugh, Psychophysical and social ratings of human body odor. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 1976. 135(3): p. 135-138.
Case, T.I., B.M. Repacholi, and R.J. Stevenson, My baby doesn't smell as bad as yours: The plasticity of disgust. Evolution and Human Behaviour, 2005. 27: p. 357-365.
Curtis, V., R. Aunger, and T. Rabie, Evidence that disgust evolved to protect from risk of disease. Proceedings of the Royal Society, 2004. 271: p. 130-134.
Hart, B.L., Behavioural adaptations to pathogens and parasites: five strategies. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 1990. 14: p. 273-294.
Haidt, J., C. McCauley, and P. Rozin, Individual differences in sensitivity to disgust: a scale sampling seven domains of disgust elicitiors. Personality and Individual Differences, 1994. 16(5): p. 701-713.
Somerville, L.H., T.F. Heatherton, and W.M. Kelley, Anterior cingulate cortex responds differently to expectancy violations and social rejections. Nature Neuroscience, 2006. 9(8): p. 1007-1008.
personality and individual differences 在 Type Of Individual Differences | Psychology Terms - YouTube 的美食出口停車場
... Unique characteristics of individuals that have an impact on how they learn. Type Of Individual Differences - Aptitude, Personality,... ... <看更多>