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台北慈濟醫院研究部臨床試驗中心主任暨胸腔內科主治醫師黃俊耀主任指出，肺癌可分成小細胞癌（Small-cell lung cancer）與非小細胞癌（Non-small-cell lung cancer），大部分患者屬於非小細胞癌。而在非小細胞癌中，以長在肺部周邊的肺腺癌最為常見，其中患者又以女性患者為多數，沒有抽菸習慣者也占一定比例。
https://www.careonline.com.tw/2021/04/lung-cancer-treatment.html
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【藥事知多D】一物兩用：維生素A酸
說到維生素A酸(Retinoic Acid)（俗稱「A酸」），很多人便會聯想到暗瘡藥，例如維A酸(Tretinoin)、異維A酸(Isotretinoin)。
對，A酸這類藥的其中一個用途，便是暗瘡。
不說不知道，A酸這類藥原來還有一種鮮為人知的用途……
這便是……
停！在揭曉答案前，藥罐子首先不妨在這裡簡單分享一下A酸的作用原理吧！
A酸這門派主要在跟維生素A酸受體(Retinoic Acid Receptors, RARs)、維生素A酸X受體(Retinoid X Receptors, RXRs)這兩類受體結合，然後這些受體便會充當轉錄因子(Transcription Factor)，調控基因的轉錄(Transcription)，從而控制細胞凋亡(Apoptosis)、細胞分化(Cell Differentiation)。[1]
其實這個作用原理便是一個提示了。
這話怎麼解？
因為這門派能夠影響細胞分化、細胞凋亡這兩個過程，所以有時候還可以用來治療癌症。
對，其中一些A酸還可以是一種化療藥，透過抑制細胞分化，干擾細胞周期，抑制癌細胞增殖或者誘發細胞凋亡，誘發體內癌細胞啟動細胞凋亡，導致癌細胞自動消失，達到殺滅癌細胞的效果。
這方面，常見的例子分別是Alitretinoin、Bexarotene。
一、Alitretinoin
在藥理上，Alitretinoin是一種「百搭」致效劑，簡單說，便是一條百合匙，同時能夠跟各種不同的維生素A酸受體、維生素A酸X受體結合，治療癌症。
暫時還是不太清楚具體的作用原理，只是知道Alitretinoin能夠治療卡波西氏肉瘤(Kaposi's Sarcoma)這種癌症。[1]
二、Bexarotene
在藥理上，Bexarotene是一種選擇性維生素A酸X受體致效劑，顧名思義，主要跟維生素A酸X受體結合，治療癌症。
暫時還是不太清楚具體的作用原理，只是知道Bexarotene能夠治療皮膚T細胞淋巴瘤(Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma)這種癌症。[2]
最後因為A酸這門派能夠控制細胞分化、細胞凋亡，所以還可能會影響體內其他細胞分裂速度較快的正常細胞，例如胚胎(Embryo)，從而能夠干預胚胎進行正常的細胞分裂，干擾胎兒的正常發展。
這就是說，A酸大多擁有致畸性(Teratogenicity)，從而可能會增加孕婦誕下畸胎的風險。
（如欲了解更多用藥資訊，歡迎看看「小小藥罐子」網誌。）
💊💊💊💊💊💊💊
BLOG➡️http://pegashadraymak.blogspot.com/
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著作➡️藥事知多D、用藥知多D、藥房事件簿、家居用藥攻略（各大書店有售）
Reference:
1. Sporn MB, Lippman SM. Chemoprevention of cancer. In: Kufe DW, Pollock PE, Weichselbaum RR, et al, eds. Cancer Medicine, 6th ed. Hamilton, Ontario, BC Decker, 2003:414-422.
2. Duvic M, Hymes K, Heald P, et al. Bexarotene is effective and safe for treatment of refractory advanced-state cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: multinational phase II-III trial results. J Clin Oncol. 2001;19:2456-2471.
COOPER, E. L. (1996). Earthworms: Harnessing one of natures cancer killers. Eur J Cell Biol, 70, 278-288.
(GOOGLE HỖ TRỢ DỊCH)
GIUN ĐẤT: KHAI THÁC MỘT TRONG NHỮNG CHẤT DIỆT UNG THƯ TỰ NHIÊN
Giun đất vẫn có một vị trí trong thế giới y học thay thế hiện đại, đáng chú ý nhất là một hình thức điều trị ung thư tiềm năng. Về sức mạnh chữa bệnh của chúng có thể nói rằng giun đất, giống như nhiều động vật không xương sống khác, có khả năng miễn dịch với bệnh ác tính (J Natl Cancer Inst 31: 655-669, 1969). Thật vậy, các tế bào của hệ thống miễn dịch của giun đất đã cho thấy khả năng thực sự tiêu diệt các tế bào ung thư. Trong một nghiên cứu, tế bào ung thư K562 được nuôi cấy bằng tế có tính miễn dịch toàn năng của giun đất. Các tế bào nhỏ của tế bào thứ hai ngay lập tức nhận ra các tế bào ung thư ngoại lai và bung ra những chiếc chân giả phàm ăn của chúng (pseudopodia), và bắt đầu quá trình ngấu nghiến, kéo và nhai, dẫn đến cái chết của tế bào ung thư. Tiếp theo, một tế bào lớn hơn quét sạch địa hình sẹo của cuộc chiến này, giống như bạch cầu đơn nhân và bạch cầu trung tính trong quá trình viêm ở người (Endeavour 4: 160-165, 1981; Miễn dịch học của Annelids, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla., 1994; Cell Immun. 166: 113-122, 1995; Exp Cell Res 224: 174-182, 1996; Eur J Cell Biol 70: 278-288, 1996).
The Yang family have spent years in and out of hospitals with their two children Jerry and Lillian – both battling Leukemia and needing a blood stem cell transplant. Jerry was lucky enough to have a match on the Be The Match registry. Ruko donated marrow to him 5 years ago and they were able to meet for the first time!
Lillian, unfortunately, does not have any matches on the Be The Match registry and needs to find a life-saving blood stem cell donor.
Sign up today and give someone like Lillian a second chance at life.”
For information and registration, Text DanLok to 61474 or visit BeTheMatch.org/DanLok
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Dan Lok has been viewed more than 1.7+ billion times across social media for his expertise on how to achieve financial confidence. And is the author of over a dozen international bestselling books.
Dan has also been featured on FOX Business News, MSNBC, CBC, FORBES, Inc, Entrepreneur, and Business Insider.
In addition to his social media presence, Dan Lok is the founder of the Dan Lok Organization, which includes more than two dozen companies - and is a venture capitalist currently evaluating acquisitions in markets such as education, new media, and software.
Some of his companies include Closers.com, Copywriters.com, High Ticket Closers, High Income Copywriters and a dozen of other brands.
And as chairman of DRAGON 100, the world’s most exclusive advisory board, Dan Lok also seeks to provide capital to minority founders and budding entrepreneurs.
Dan Lok trains as hard in the Dojo as he negotiates in the boardroom. And thus has earned himself the name; The King of Closing.
If you want the no b.s. way to master your financial destiny, then learn from Dan. Subscribe to his channel now.
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#BeTheMatch #Donor
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He’s been in business for over 20 years, and his results are not typical.
Most people who watch his videos or enroll in his programs get the “how-to” but never take action with the information. Dan is only sharing what has worked for him and his students.
Your results are dependent on many factors… including but not limited to your ability to work hard, commit yourself, and do whatever it takes.
Entering any business is going to involve a level of risk as well as massive commitment and action. If you're not willing to accept that, please DO NOT WATCH DAN’S VIDEOS OR SIGN UP FOR ONE OF HIS PROGRAMS.
This video is about Young Leukemia Survivor Meets Life-Saving Donor For The First Time (Live).
https://youtu.be/CNvguP1GB2o
https://youtu.be/CNvguP1GB2o
慢性骨髓性白血病不是絕症？－ 陳敏航血液及血液腫瘤科專科醫生＠FindDoc.com
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（一）慢性骨髓性白血病有什麼治療方法？ 00:06
（二）慢性骨髓性白血病是不是“絕症”？ 00:31
（三）TKI能使慢性骨髓性白血病痊愈嗎？ 01:24
（四）病人是否要一直服藥來控制病情，不能停藥？ 02:10
（五） 醫生對慢性骨髓性白血病有什麼建議？ 03:12
(本短片作健康教育之用，並不可取代任何醫療診斷或治療。治療成效因人而異，如有疑問，請向專業醫療人士諮詢。)
參考資料：
1. Falchi, L., Kantarjian, H. M., Wang, X., Verma, D., Quintás-Cardama, A., O'Brien, S., … Cortes, J. E. (2013). Significance of deeper molecular responses in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in early chronic phase treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. American journal of hematology, 88(12), 1024–1029. doi:10.1002/ajh.23560
2. Cortes JE, Saglio G, Kantarjian HM, et al. Final 5-year study results of DASISION: the dasatinib versus imatainib study in treatment-nviae chronic myeloid leukemia patients trial. J Clin Oncol 2016;34:2333-2340
3. Hochhaus A, Saglio G, Hughes TP, et al. Long-term benefits and risks of Goldberg, S. L., Savona, M., & Mauro, M. J. (2018). Considerations for Successful Treatment-free Remission in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma and Leukemia, 18(2), 98-105. doi:10.1016/j.clml.2017.11.006 frontline nilotinib vs imatinib for chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase: 5 year update of the randomized ENESTnd trial. Leukemia 2016;30:1044-1054
4. Stem Cell Transplant for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.cancer.org/cancer/chronic-myeloid-leukemia/treating/bone-marrow-stem-cell.html
5. Talpaz, M., Mercer, J., & Hehlmann, R. (2015). The interferon-alpha revival in CML. Annals of Hematology, 94(Supplement 2), 195-207.
6. Bower, H., Björkholm, M., Dickman, P. W., Höglund, M., Lambert, P. C., & Andersson, T. M. (2016). Life Expectancy of Patients With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Approaches the Life Expectancy of the General Population. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 34(24), 2851-2857. doi:10.1200/jco.2015.66.2866
7. Timothy P. Hughes, Carla Boquimpani, Naoto Takahashi, et al.(2018). ENESTop 144-Week Update: Long-Term Treatment-Free Remission (TFR) in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Chronic Phase (CML-CP) After Stopping Second-Line Nilotinib, 18, S222. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clml.2018.07.092
8. Francis J. Giles, Tamas Masszi, María Teresa Gómez Casares, et al. (2019). Treatment-free remission (TFR) following frontline (1L) nilotinib (NIL) in patients (pts) with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP): 192-week data from the ENESTfreedom study. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2019 37:15_suppl, 7013-7013
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Cancer Fund Aid https://donorbox.org/caringforemilylolatan
Liv Magazine: https://liv-magazine.com/talk-resilience-two-amazing-hongkongers/
South China Morning Post: https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/health-wellness/article/2171424/how-hardiness-helped-malaysian-weather-multitude-blows
Pacific Muscle Chats with Mitch Tamiau
(iTunes) https://podcasts.apple.com/zw/podcast/battling-leukaemia-w-emily-tan/id1467731768?i=1000441047297
(Spotify) https://open.spotify.com/episode/4FvjBXgReu8qo7wIoDkGxE?si=es25zwuGR9eXOGiQNHBf2w
*Show notes https://emilylolatan.wordpress.com/2019/07/05/pmcshownotes/
Hong Kong Confidential with Jules Hannaford
(iTunes) https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/episode-69-tap-cancer-out/id1321295078?i=1000426304699
(Spotify) https://open.spotify.com/episode/7drN3XUU0lO1D36ojXCejq?si=iojuauIUTt6CDZTULHNnWg
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Diagnosed with Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (Blood Cancer) in April 2018 while I was in Spain. Age 32.
Induction chemotherapy started 2 days after diagnosis.
Returned to Hong Kong for 3 rounds of consolidation chemotherapies and a bone marrow transplant.
My wonderful donor match is unrelated and found thanks to the efforts of bone marrow donor registries in Hong Kong and in China.
Bone marrow matches are not easy to find, so if you do match someone, you're likely the only hope of survival for said someone.
Learn about how YOU can save a life.
Learn how you can DO SOMETHING about cancer.
Search "How to be a bone marrow donor" in your country.
USA https://bethematch.org/
CANADA http://blood.ca
UK http://dkms.org.uk
AUSTRALIA http://abmdr.org.au
SINGAPORE http://bmdp.org
SPAIN http://fcarreras.org
HONG KONG: https://www5.ha.org.hk/rcbts/enarticle.asp?bid=56&MenuID=6#.XR8Y_ZMzYWo
FAQs about donating bone marrow/stem cells: https://bethematch.org/support-the-cause/donate-bone-marrow/donation-faqs/
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Thumbnail photo by Daniel Rosenthal
http://www.danielrosenthalnyc.com
cancer cell 在 Killer T cell attacking cancer - YouTube 的美食出口停車場
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