關於 immune deficiency ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

是不是拼錯字了？英法文中令人混淆的縮寫
les acronymes et les abréviations

基於語言特性，英法語中經常出現落落長的名詞。為了方便記憶與使用，就會以縮寫的形式來呈現。這兩個語言彼此有不少相當類似但排列順序不同的縮寫字，一不小心就容易搞混拼錯喔！以下一起來看看吧！
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

🇬🇧 AIDS 愛滋病
(Aquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)

🇨🇵 SIDA
(Syndrome d'Immunodéficience Acquise)
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

🇬🇧 HIV 人體免疫缺陷病毒
(Human Immunodeficiency Virus)

🇨🇵 VIH
(Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine）
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

🇬🇧 UN 聯合國
(The United Nations)

🇨🇵 ONU
(Organisation des Nations Unies）
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

🇬🇧 HR 人資
(Human Ressources)

🇨🇵 RH
(Ressources Humaines)
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

🇬🇧 DNR 不要急救
(Do Not Resuscitate)

🇨🇵 NPR
(Ne Pas Réanimer)
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

🇬🇧 IQ 智商
(Intelligence Quotient)

🇨🇵 QI
(Quotient Intellectuel)
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

🇬🇧 EQ 情商
(Emotional Intelligence Quotient)

🇨🇵 QE
(Quotient Émotionnelle)
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

🇬🇧 ISIS 伊斯蘭國
(the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria)

🇨🇵 EI
(État Islamique)
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

🇬🇧 UFO幽浮
(Unidentified Flying Object)

🇨🇵 OVNI
(Objet Volant Non Identifié)
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

以上～大家認出幾個了呢？除了這些之外，大家還知道哪些英法文類似的縮寫字呢？歡迎留言補充！

7 ways to optimise your immune & protect your health 💗

I’m obsess with purple/pink these days & can’t get enough of this new outfit @underarmourwomen #UARUSH it’s too cute 🥰

Anyway, gym dah bukak & since Covid-19 case kat Selangor ni kejap turun kejap naik. Let’s have a look at what u can do to optimise your immune system.

Siapa yg pergi gym tu, make sure to 🧼 after what yo’ve touched please! And don’t forget your 😷.

1️⃣ Focus on whole food & key nutrients. Elak dr nutrients deficiency. So mkn whole food like veggie, protein, whole grains, healthy fats & fruits.

Nutrients yg boleh kuat kan “white blood cells” to fight infections ⬇️

Protein: “the building block of antibodies” - aim to have a serving with meal/snack.

Vitamin C: Prevent & fight infection. Mkn whole food yang tinggi Vit-C 1-2 servings a day: Ada banyak, bukan orange je. Go online and do some readings ok.

Vitamin D: Helps protect against respiratory tract infections. Sebelum ambil Vit-D supplement, better buat test dulu ok.

Zinc: Few best sources are from whole grains, oysters and scallop. Tapi jgn la telan hari2 pulak kan the 🦪 & scallops tu 😅

Omega 3 Fatty Acids: Reduce inflammation & help white blood cells do their job. Mkn 🌱 sources of ALA such as Chia seeds & Flexseeds. Mkn Oily Fish utk DHA/EPA 2-3 a week. Kalau jrg makan Ikan, consider supplements.

2️⃣ Cuba maintain/dptkan healthy body fat %. This one, tgk lah kornag ikut cara apa. Nak diet ikut portion boleh, nak count calories & macro pun boleh. Janji deficit. Yg mkn ikut calorie pastikan mkn seimbang. Jgn 300kcal satu plate Tapi semua carbs pulak 😅

3️⃣ Gut Health! Yg ni ramai ambil x endah. Tingkat kan makanan kaya probiotik yg boleh bantu boost good gut bacteria.

4️⃣ Get Active. Yg ni paling mudah. Malas g gym pergi je jog/cycling/dance buat la apa kornag suka.

5️⃣ Tido Cukup! Phm semua tgh gila2 hustlin’ nowadays. Tapi pastikan tido cukup. Kalau x cukup tido, make sure to sneak in 20mins power nap during the day. Recharge tu penting.

6️⃣ DeStress & manage ur stress well. Take a time off kejap to do some meditation, tgk video funny ke. Kalau x sempat betul, sneak in 1min breathing exercise.

7️⃣ Hygiene! 🧼 ur hand!

《South China Morning Post》
Which Chinese zodiac sign will have the best 2021? Year of the Ox predictions for love, health, career and wealth
https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/arts-culture/article/3121172/which-chinese-zodiac-sign-will-have-best-2021-year-ox
• Those born in the year of the tiger and rabbit will prosper this year and Hong Kong’s luck will improve overall, a feng shui expert says
• But those born in the year of the ox, horse, sheep and dog can expect a difficult and challenging year
• Those who feel beaten down by the coronavirus pandemic and economic downturn that plagued the Year of the Rat, take heart.
• Starting on Friday, which marks the first day of the Year of the Ox, Hong Kong’s collective fortune is about to change – for the better.
• According to feng shui expert Yunwenzi, or Master Cloud, the new year will be one of nourishment and healing. However, while the city’s overall luck is expected to improve, what the Year of the Ox has in store for us individually will largely depend on the Chinese zodiac sign we were born under.
• To help you navigate through the coming year, here are some tips on the dos and don’ts from Yunwenzi that promise to help each animal sign find health, love and prosperity.
Ox
For those born in the Year of Ox, take heed. This is also a year in which your zodiac sign is at odds with the guardian god Tai Sui (or Fan Tai Shui), who determines the fortunes and setbacks of mortals.
Oxen will face a number of issues in their career in the coming year. Beware of back-stabbing colleagues or getting into disputes. Focus on your work to avoid unnecessary mistakes at work.
“The ox should beware of the risk of getting fired in the coming year. They’ll lack luck and it may be hard for them to get a new job,” warns Yunwenzi. “It is also difficult for them to accumulate wealth this year as they may make bad investment decisions. They should not invest in projects which they are unfamiliar with.”
Oxen will not enjoy much romance either over the next 12 months; try not to look for partners in clubs or at parties. Illnesses will be a problem too, owing to their weak immune system, so they need to take extra care of themselves.
Tiger
Contrary to those born in the Year of the Ox, the tiger is the luckiest of all the 12 zodiac animals this year. They will encounter plenty of gui ren – helpful people – who will help them realise their plans. Tigers should take advantage of the momentum and explore different possibilities. It will be a good time to start a business.
They are also lucky in love this year. For those seeking a relationship, seize the opportunities and enjoy the many pleasant romantic encounters.
“Widening their social circle not only brings them unexpected rewards but also boosts their overall luck in the year,” Yunwenzi explains.
But she reminds the tigers not to be arrogant and opinionated, as having good fortune does not necessarily mean all their actions are without consequences. For those who frequently attend social events, try not to overeat or else risk suffering from cardiovascular diseases.
Rabbit
The Year of the Ox is good for those born under the Rabbit sign. Everything will be quite rosy and they will be able to bounce back from rock bottom. Filled with positivity and optimism, this is a good year for them to set goals and go in new directions.
However, unlike the tigers, there are not many gui ren around for the rabbits and they pretty much have to rely on themselves to get things done. At work, their effort will be recognised by their superior and there might be a chance of promotion.
Romance is also in the air for the rabbits – but mind that large age gap. Patience and mutual understanding are needed if they want to establish a strong relationship.
The rabbit should avoid strenuous exercise to prevent injuries to the limbs.
Dragon
A stable and average year ahead for those born in the Year of the Dragon: their career will come to a standstill, which will make them doubt their working abilities. Yet, a twist of fate is expected after mid-autumn so it’s worth waiting for the opportunity to present itself.
Although dragons will have many romantic encounters this year, they may still end up unsatisfied as they are not devoting much time to nurture their relationship(s). Their impulsiveness also means they easily fall in love with the wrong person.
The dragon will have a weak lung this year, associated with respiratory diseases. They may also be prone to bad skin.
Snake
It will be a year filled with both fortune and risk for snakes. Since you will be surrounded by people, unexpected opportunities will arise from your growing social network.
“Their rising popularity may also attract people who speak with a ‘forked tongue’. They should work more and talk less. Their hard work will pay off,” says Yunwenzi.
Unmarried snakes will stay single this year because they are too picky. They are advised to lower their requirements when looking for a partner.
Beware of health problems such as spinal disc hernia, frozen shoulder and bony spur.
Horse
This will be a roller coaster year for those born in the Year of the Horse. Their long-awaited plans will be postponed or even halted due to unexpected variables, but as the saying goes, “amid every crisis lies a great opportunity”, and career opportunities will arise during the winter.
They should stay calm and sincerely tackle difficulties faced by their colleagues and company. This will gain their boss’s trust and confidence in them.
Apart from work, sincerity is also key to success in relationships. Just be true to yourself and the right person will be attracted by your charisma. Beware of eye and head problems; headaches and dizziness may occur frequently throughout the year.
Sheep
Those born in the Year of the Sheep should expect a difficult and challenging year. They will face a lot of obstacles in all aspects of life. The Year of the Ox is not one for them to make any important decisions such as starting a business or changing jobs as their mind might be clouded with confusion.
The sheep should stop finding excuses and acting like an otaku. Actively expanding and engaging in their social circles will bring them romantic luck.
“This is a Xing Tai Sui year for sheep, which means that they should also care for their safety as it is foreseen that they may have traffic accidents within the year,” warns Yunwenzi.
Monkey
The monkey foresees a flourishing year full of opportunities and good fortune. They should be receptive to new ideas and seize golden opportunities. They will get help from a female gui ren which will help them get better results.
They will also have a breakthrough in their career. They will easily get approval from their boss and promotion is on the horizon. For those who wish to start their own business, it is a good year to test the water by setting up a low-cost online business.
Monkeys will also have a fruitful social life this year. They will have opportunities to make new friends who have charming personalities. Thanks to the monkey’s attractiveness and social popularity, sparks may fly. It is wise for monkeys to make their intentions clear from the start to avoid ambiguous signals that could damage their reputation and friendships.
Kidney deficiency is likely to emerge in the Year of the Ox. They should also be aware of lower back pain.
Rooster
Roosters will have better fortune this year. This will be a “learning year” for them so they should stop being passive and start actively fighting for opportunities. Although the outcome may be unexpected or unsatisfying, each challenge is a golden learning opportunity.
The rooster also receives blessings from Wen Chang, the god that oversees the intelligence and wisdom of mortals. They should use their time for further studies.
People born under the sign of the rooster will not have much luck in love this year. They may feel tired and lose interest in searching for love. The rooster will not suffer from any major health problems this year, though they are prone to catching minor infections.
Dog
The dog is looking at a troubling year ahead as, like those born in the Year of the Sheep, they will go through a Xing Tai Sui year. It will result in an unstable year filled with trouble and difficulties in relationships. Brace yourselves for the worst during the middle of the year.
Accumulated stress means dogs may lose their temper. Bad fortune will come knocking with all that pent-up negativity.
They will also not have any luck in relationships this year. They should choose their partner wisely and only start a relationship when they have a better understanding of their lover. Dogs should also look after their mental health. Poor stress-induced sleep quality will increase the risk of developing mental illness such as depression.
Pig
Fortune shines on the pigs this year. They are always at their best and are quick-witted. They should attend more social gatherings to broaden their network and develop new job and business opportunities. Pigs could also set a more ambitious goal this year.
Those born in the Year of the Pig may be attracted to a number of people simultaneously, and this could even develop into multiple affairs. The complicated relationships will harm their hopes for romance in the long run.
Their health is hugely improved this year, and there is no major health problem predicted.
Rat
After experiencing a terrible Year of the Rat, those born under this animal zodiac sign will see a boost in their fortunes. But they must be persistent and persevere as their luck will remain average for the first half of the year.
They are advised not to set their goals too high but keep their feet on the ground and be prepared to face any challenges. They will be able to achieve their goals in the second half of 2021.
The rat tends to be indecisive in relationships. They lack security when it comes to love, especially when potential new partners emerge on the horizon. It will make them passive and unable to devote themselves to maintaining the relationship, which will not last.
They have a weak reproductive system this year. A regular check-up is advised.

#雲文子 #奇門遁甲 #風水 #玄學天后

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備註：
Acronym 即「首字母縮略字」，又稱「頭字語」，是將相關詞句的第一個字母組合成一個新字，如 NASA （美國太空總署）便是 National Aeronautics and Space Administration 的縮寫； AIDS （愛滋病）則是 Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 的縮寫。

Initialism也是「首字母縮略字」，國家名如 USA 和 UK ；傳媒名如 BBC 和 CNN ；大學名如 UCLA（洛杉磯加州大學 University of California, Los Angeles）、MIT（麻省理工學院 Massachusetts Institute of Technology）等，都是取其全名每個字的首字母構成。

Acronym 和 Initialism 的差異在於，前者已組成一個新字，必須整個字一起發音；後者並非一個新詞，必須逐個字母唸出來。

在2月11號，WHO 發布了這一次從中國武漢開始流行的新型肺炎病毒的正式名稱，叫做COVID-19。而在此之前，中國的國家衛健委在8號就已經發布了官方的通知，將這個肺炎病毒正名為「新型冠狀病毒」，而由它所引起的肺炎症狀則簡稱為「新冠肺炎」；但疾管署表示，為了與國際接軌，正式的名稱更改為COVID-19，使用的簡稱依然是「武漢肺炎」。

但讓我們來看看全世界各大媒體的文章。

法國世界報「新型冠狀病毒： 動搖中國體制的殉難者」
美國華爾街日報「世衛組織的冠狀病毒對應引起熱烈討論」
德國德國之聲「法國宣布歐洲第一起冠狀病毒-19死亡病例」
英國BBC「冠狀病毒：拜賽斯特村落時節艱困」
美國美國之音「冠狀病毒死亡數升破1800人」
自由亞洲電台「冠狀病毒散播時，熱門影片顯示新疆醫護人員載歌載舞」
還有很會批評中國的紐約時報「四個問題，解讀中國新冠病毒確診病例數字變化」

這些媒體，現在新發的文章，已經都不再使用武漢肺炎這個名稱了。反過來只要上Google搜尋「武漢肺炎」，幾乎清一色都是台灣媒體，在疾管署的網頁上，更大大的寫著，COVID－19 簡稱武漢肺炎。台灣就硬是不改。

雖然名字是小事，但我有問題的是，台灣跟全世界通用的說法做法不同，堅持要自己搞一套這件事。

很多人可能認為只是國內為了溝通方便繼續用「武漢肺炎」，在國際上我們確實是用COVID-19阿，而且WHO不只是防疫資訊不給我們，連六年也不給我們參加世衛大會。為什麼國際上不把我們當一回事，我們為什麼還要把他們的準則當聖旨？

但是國際準則什麼都不管，那要不要自己組東協？WTO？或是自己組聯合國自High好了。這不只是疾病名稱，而是台灣跟世界接軌的問題。我們節目訪問過工研院北美公司總經理王韶華，他專門跟國外科技公司打交道，己經有三十年了，我問他台灣的競爭力在那裡，他說最重要就是因為台灣跟美國公司做事的方法，邏輯比較像，溝通容易很多，少走很多冤枉路。這是為什麼我覺得想法，做法，說法，習慣跟國際上慣用的方式走一套是很重要的。

而且使用武漢肺炎也會有歧視的問題，現在世界各地都出現很嚴重排華傾向。

有一位在紐西蘭待了21年的華人，只是去買個東西，就被旁邊的大嬸怒罵說就是亞洲人帶病毒來紐西蘭。法國也有人被路上的車故意開過水坑噴的一身溼，然後也是被罵帶病毒。這種事情現在到處都是！

所以WHO才在2015年就提出了一個新疾病命名的規則，要避免使用有代表地理位置、動物、個人或人群的名稱，就是為了不要因為疾病出現歧視特定族群的情況。

像是愛滋病就曾經被紐約時報叫做「Gay-Related Immune Deficiency」，「男同性戀相關免疫缺陷」。如果一直都沒改，現在的同性戀權利一定會倒退十幾年。有一個疾病叫做「退伍軍人症」，到現在都還沒有改名字，你不特別去查不就是會覺得它都跟退伍軍人有關係嗎？

而且消除歧視只是一部分的功能，另一部分是避免大家產生不正確的認知。比如說2009年的H1N1，最早是叫做「swine flu 豬流感」，那時候就因為這個名字，讓很多人都還沒有搞清楚狀況，就直接撲殺了健康的養殖豬，還弄到全世界的豬肉價格暴跌，許多人的生計跟財產都受到影響。伊波拉病毒也是阿，如果當初是用最早爆發的村子來命名，現在在非洲那個村子的人都不用活了。

雖然大家可能認為武漢肺炎的武漢就是個地名，本身很中性，從武漢開始爆發也是事實，而且台灣早就都習慣這個名字了，與其要大家多花30秒看一篇為什麼要改名字的文章，還不如把時間拿來多洗手。但就這樣一直叫下去，未來更改的成本只會變得越來越大。

你覺得疾病有沒有可能造成歧視呢？台灣跟大家叫的不一樣，有沒有關係呢？歡迎在底下留言告訴我們。
--------------------------------------
《#范琪斐ㄉ寰宇漫遊》每週四晚間十點在 #寰宇新聞台 播出，沒跟上的也沒關係，歡迎訂閱我們的 YouTube 頻道 🔔#范琪斐ㄉ寰宇漫遊 🔔https://reurl.cc/ZvKM3 1030pm準時上傳完整版！

#愛滋病 #AIDS #後天免疫缺乏症候群

► 如果你喜歡這部影片的話，可以來給我一點點的贊助與鼓勵噢(*´▽`*)♥! | https://p.ecpay.com.tw/53F5FB4
►來來訂閱 Una Who 吧 | http://www.youtube.com/c/WhoUna
► Una Who 粉絲專頁 | https://www.facebook.com/UnaWho/
► Una Who IG | https://www.instagram.com/iamunawho/

近幾年，各地發起了大大小小的婚姻平權行動
許多地方也因此立法承認同性婚姻！
但對於多元性別的「可怕迷思」，卻沒有因此消散

「同性戀性生活混亂是傳染愛滋病的罪魁禍首 ? 」
「愛滋病容易傳染也容易死亡 ? 」
「讓同婚合法根本是加速愛滋生長 ? 」

事情真的是這樣嗎 ? 愛滋病究竟是什麼 ?
可以預防治療嗎 ? 它和同性戀又是什麼關係呢 ?

讓我們看下去吧 !

►影片錯誤糾正 ( 我雖然有努力不要錯，但還是歡迎大力幫我找錯Q）
感謝蔡侑洋糾正： 1:30 - 原「RNA轉錄成DNA」應該為「反轉錄」才正確 ( DNA 轉錄成 RNA，RNA反轉錄成DNA )
感謝郭庭瑞糾正： 0:47 - 原「Acquire 」應改為 「Acquired」，Immune Deficiency = Immunodeficiency


►影片引用資料來源
感染HIV還可以活多久 ? ──《心之谷》| https://goo.gl/LbuzVX
同性戀佔台灣社會至少5％人口，他們可能就是還沒對你出櫃的家人 | https://goo.gl/zdB6zc
為什麼蚊子會傳染茲卡 卻不會傳染愛滋病毒 ? | https://goo.gl/jnwCje
衛生福利部 - 預防母子垂直感染簡介 | https://goo.gl/cZERUp

HIV Treatments: List of Prescription Medications | https://goo.gl/5FF8kh
Global AIDS Update 2016 ( WHO) |https://goo.gl/e2SceX
OKCUPID survey- Gay Sex vs. Straight Sex | https://goo.gl/XNdjpj
CATIE - Putting a number on it: The risk from an exposure to HIV | https://goo.gl/wgb7Pd
Aidsmap - Estimated risk per exposure of HIV | https://goo.gl/dUQPRj
POZ - Against All Odds: What Are Your Chances of Getting HIV in These Scenarios? | https://goo.gl/xPVdch

►BGM
「Kevin MacLeod」
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「Look Busy」是根據「Creative Commons Attribution」(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) 授權使用
來源：http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1100172
演出者：http://incompetech.com/