歐洲也不是一面倒親中的
https://www.facebook.com/1027813447317433/posts/1838604569571646/
被視為歐洲版一帶一路的部份細節。新加坡海峽時報的一篇評論認為，歐洲版一帶一路誕生，是中國擴張行為令歐洲感不快與不安的結果。
#中帝崛起?
#一帶一路
歐盟官方宣傳：
"A better connected Europe and Asia through transport links, energy, human and digital networks strengthens the resilience of societies and regions, as well as creating avenues for a better, low-carbon future. More sustainable connectivity will also help people to enjoy higher standards of living, while creating more opportunities for education, cross-collaboration and research and promoting cultural exchange.
The new strategy is based on four of the EU's strengths: its internal market as the basis of sustainable connectivity, its experience of creating networks across borders, its ability to build partnerships – on the bilateral, regional and international levels, and a comprehensive financial framework for mobilising investment. The EU will look to combine financial resources from international financial institutions, multilateral development banks and the private sector, building on the success of the Juncker plan and the EU's External Investment Plan, which are on track to mobilise investment worth €500 billion and €44 billion respectively. This demonstrates the EU's determination to make a difference in people's lives, both inside and outside of the EU.
The approach to connecting Europe and Asia "is something big, [and] is consistent with our overall global approach," Mogherini concluded, "and I know that our friends not only in Europe but also in Asia are very much looking forward to start working on this.""
https://eeas.europa.eu/…/european-way-connectivity-%E2%80%9…
https://eeas.europa.eu/…/europe_asia_connectivity_factsheet…
"The Europeans were slow to grasp the significance of China's BRI, partly because they frequently failed to pay proper attention to Asian developments, but also because Europeans are instinctively dismissive of grandiose plans to tie up continents together by spending trillions of dollars on infrastructure construction; the initial assumption in Europe was that China's BRI was more about publicity than real projects.
Complacency was soon replaced by keen European interest. And countries on Europe's peripheries were flattered by Chinese claims that they would become "pathways", "bridges" or "launch pads" from Asia to Europe if only they accepted a Chinese project to build a road or welcomed a Chinese firm wishing to build or manage a harbour.
But Europe's honeymoon with the Chinese vision did not last long. First came evidence that many of these projects were not truly cooperative efforts but, essentially, Chinese financial credits for Chinese construction contracts. A full 89 per cent of all the projects labelled under the BRI were executed by Chinese firms using Chinese workers and materials.
REASONS FOR EU UNHAPPINESS
And as the projects came closer to Europe, it became increasingly clear that China's Belt and Road Initiative challenged some of the fundamental EU objectives. The first is that of open tendering for major public projects, something Chinese companies frequently avoided. In pushing its BRI, China also appeared to ignore principles of reciprocity. While European investors and especially construction companies can't even dream of competing for public contracts inside China without using a Chinese partner, Chinese companies did not operate under the same restraint in Europe.
China's entire or partial acquisition of ports in Belgium, the Netherlands, Spain, Italy and, most spectacularly, Greece are moves which carry significant strategic implications. If these were just normal economic transactions, then why can't a European company acquire similar port assets in China?
But what irks EU governments most is China's increased ability to use the clout it derives from BRI projects to influence Europe's political decision-making process and, as EU officials see it, undermine the union's solidarity.
Beijing's creation of the so-called 16+1 Group, a motley collection of existing or aspiring EU member states, all fairly poor and underdeveloped, is seen in Brussels as direct Chinese interference in Europe's backyard.
Under the guise of the 16+1 Group, the Chinese signed contracts which simply mortgaged the future of these often-vulnerable countries. Take the case of Montenegro, a small impoverished state on Europe's south-eastern corner which was persuaded by China in 2014 to borrow from Beijing's Exim bank for constructing a highway. The total value of this contract amounts to an astonishing one-quarter of Montenegro's entire economy. The project is not only unsustainable but could spell Montenegro's bankruptcy.
The consensus in Europe is that the continent can no longer just sit idly by as these developments unfold. In April, 27 out of the 28 ambassadors of EU member states in Beijing sent back to their capitals a joint letter urging a unified response against China's BRI, which, they claimed, "runs counter to the EU agenda for liberalising trade and pushes the balance of power in favour of subsidised Chinese companies".
Individual EU countries - principally Britain, France and Germany, but now also Italy - are overhauling their own regulations in order to vet Chinese investments in economic sectors deemed strategically significant. And now, the EU's diplomats, led by Ms Mogherini, have come up with an even more pointed response to China's BRI project."
https://www.straitstimes.com/…/eu-launches-alternative-to-c…
firm company difference 在 Difference Between Firm and Company - YouTube 的美食出口停車場
profMTHANGADARWINwhat is Firm ?, what is Company ?,what are the Difference Between Firm and Company ?,#profMTHANGADARWINTOPICS PSYCHOLOGY1. ... <看更多>