20年前的今天,911事件發生時,你正在做什麼?
對於我們許多人來說,當天的震驚,是一個不容抹滅的記憶。在那之後世界一連串的發展,讓許多的事物被賦予特定的色彩。包括國土安全和恐怖主義等等新的詞彙進入主流。中文翻譯成「聖戰」的伊斯蘭吉哈德 (jihad),成了這一串論述背後的壞人。但任何有回教徒朋友的人應該都知道,穆斯林大部分是非常溫和以及愛好和平的。為什麼有這樣大的反差?而在6到10世紀輝煌的伊斯蘭文化,以及後來發揚光大,橫跨近800年的鄂徒曼帝國,在第一次世界大戰之後又是如何發展?這一些問題都是我在選擇這本書的時候想要得到的答案。
「興亡世界史」這個系列的書籍,之前就看了幾本很棒的,讓我在華人視角的世界史,與西方視角的世界始終史之外,看見一個不一樣的可能。之前一位書友的描述很貼切,說日本人看歷史,很像監視器一樣反應一切,平鋪直敘不帶立場的陳述事情。
從穆罕默德開始創立說起,他說講述的思想與當時阿拉伯社會截然不同。包括獨一真神的信仰,社會的平等,還有賙濟窮人的理念,在當時部落主義盛行,多神信仰,以及富人只管自己的文化當中,幾乎是挑戰權威的一股力量。從那裡開始論述的「吉哈德」,講到的就是內心善與惡的爭戰,還有受到逼迫時自身保護的行為,並沒有什麼侵略或是攻擊他人的含意在內。
這一連串因著堅定意志,和天時地利,與巧合之下,伊斯蘭的世界逐漸擴張在整個阿拉伯地區。到第6世紀開始,更是誕生了輝煌的文化,特別是他們著重翻譯和貿易,更是讓文化交流鼎盛。像是「一千零一夜」故事描述的繁華,還有現在數學基礎的阿拉伯數字和代數 (algebra),以及現代 AI 人工智慧必須由的「演算法」(algorithm) 都是從阿拉伯數學家 al- Khwārizmī 名字衍生的。在當時伊斯蘭文化強調的是對各種宗教信仰的兼容並蓄,社會的平等 (特別是對於窮人,另外伊斯蘭初期,婦女的地位也不低),和整體社會的和平發展。後來因著政治和接班人不明確的因素,什葉派和遜尼派的敵對,讓很多初期的善意開始變質。歷經鄂圖曼帝國百年的傳承後,包括阿富汗,土耳其,和伊朗,都有類似宗教改革的推動。但當時已經是面對20世紀的強大西方世界,因著石油的利益,讓這些改革受到嚴重的干擾。而1948年以色列建國產生的巴勒斯坦問題,更是挑起伊斯蘭世界最敏感的一根神經。
現在我們熟知的一些人物包括賓拉登,以及塔利班,和蓋達等組織,某一段時間之內其實是西方世界所連結的勢力。所以書本最後的一部分是在檢討這些恐怖的攻擊,真的是伊斯蘭世界挑起的戰爭,還是西方世界所埋下的種子?在這裡我就不要破梗了。
雖然這本書許多可蘭經內容,眾多烏瑪和哈里發的翻譯名字,不是那麼容易閱讀。但不要太在乎這些細節,還是可以掌握到一定的輪廓。冤冤相報的循環,到底要怎樣才能結束?我想引用我最欣賞的作 者,同時也是猶太拉比的Jonathan Sacks,在紐約 911 事件10周年紀念所發表的談話來總結:
“Whenever Me takes precedence over We, and pleasure today over viability tomorrow, a society is in trouble. If so, then the enemy is not radical Islam, it is us and our by now unsustainable self-indulgence. The West has expended much energy and courage fighting wars in Afghanistan and Iraq abroad and defeating terror at home. It has spent far less, if any, in renewing its own morality and the institutions — families, communities, ethical codes, standards in public life — where it is created and sustained. But if I am right, this is the West’s greatest weakness in the eyes of its enemies as well as its friends. The only way to save the world is to begin with ourselves. Our burden after 9/11 is to renew the moral disciplines of freedom. Some say it can’t be done. They are wrong: it can and must. Surely we owe the dead no less."
“當我們看重[我]超過[我們],看重今日的歡樂超過明日的繁榮,那麼社會就會陷入麻煩。這樣說來,我們的敵人並不是激烈的伊斯蘭主義,而是我們自己,和我們寅吃卯糧的個人主義。西方的世界用盡許多精力和勇力在阿富汗和伊拉克爭戰並且在國內防恐,卻幾乎沒有花時間精力在更新自身的道德,和創造並保持這些道德標準之處,包括:家庭,社群,道德共識,和在公開場合的行為標準。如果我想得沒有錯,那麼這就是西方世界敵人和盟友眼中,我們最大的弱點。拯救世界的方式,從檢視自己開始。911事件之後,我們共同的負擔就是要重新定義自由世界中的道德標準。很多人說這是不可能的,但我認為他們錯了,這是可能而且必須的。我們向所有逝去的犧牲者,有這樣的責任”
📚延伸閱讀📚
📗“Destiny Disrupted” 中文版 「中斷的天命」
這是我15年前讀的書,是一位伊朗學者從伊斯蘭世界的角度講述世界史,讓我眼界大開,也開始愛上從不同視角來了解世界史。
📙“Not in God’s s Name” 中文版「毋以神為名」
我2018的top 10 之一,也是我知道惟一一本Jonathan Sacks的中文書。原來宗教戰爭,常常是一種有忌妒衍生出來的兄弟鬩牆? “當宗教將人變為兇手,上帝痛心垂淚”
全文與延伸閱讀的連結在部落格中 👇👇👇
https://dushuyizhi.net/%e4%bc%8a%e6%96%af%e8%98%ad%e5%b8%9d%e5%9c%8b%e7%9a%84%e5%90%89%e5%93%88%e5%be%b7/
#伊斯蘭帝國的吉哈德 #興亡的世界史
同時也有23部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過6,760的網紅FengXu Ch. 風絮,也在其Youtube影片中提到,這周是 TWAP 奮戰週!風火眠 Fighting!! #WTSMWIN 隊友有 @TSMATCH火柴 Mayumin Ch.繭眠 ( 爛殭屍標不到 ) https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC7giliMJeLyow68hd_i0DpA 直播/影片按喜歡👍...
「fighting with 中文」的推薦目錄:
fighting with 中文 在 傅麗玲 Cindy Po Facebook 的最佳解答
感恩所有报馆的报道 🙏
谢谢 💓 丽玲姐姐爱你们 🥳
抗疫时期应有✅的理财💰知识
谢谢南洋商报 💓 南洋商报 Nanyang Siang Pau
https://www.enanyang.my/北马/槟财务规划委员会-711联办中文理财论坛
谢谢中国报 💓 China Press (中國報)
http://penang.chinapress.com.my/20210630/%E7%96%AB%E6%83%85%E4%B8%8B%E7%9A%84%E7%90%86%E8%B4%A2%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E8%AE%BA%E5%9D%9B-711%E7%BA%BF%E4%B8%8A%E7%BA%A6%E5%AE%9A%E6%82%A8/
谢谢 光华报 💓 光华日报 Kwong Wah Yit Poh
https://www.kwongwah.com.my/20210630/%E6%8A%97%E7%96%AB%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F%E5%BA%94%E6%9C%89%E7%9A%84%E7%90%86%E8%B4%A2%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E8%AE%BA%E5%9D%9B%E7%BA%A6%E5%AE%9A%E6%82%A8%EF%BC%81/
谢谢光明日报 💓 Guangming Daily-光明日报
https://guangming.com.my/%e6%aa%b3%e8%8f%af%e9%9d%92%e5%9c%98%e7%90%86%e8%b2%a1%e8%ab%96%e5%a3%87-%e8%ab%96%e7%96%ab%e6%9c%9f%e7%90%86%e8%b2%a1%e5%8e%9f%e5%89%87%e7%9f%a5%e8%ad%98
谢谢 💓
https://cforum.cari.com.my/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=4284590&extra=
谢谢 💓
https://hotlah.cari.com.my/portal.php?mod=view&aid=154665
谢谢 星州日报 💓
https://www.sinchew.com.my/content/content_2511737.html
谢谢 💓 南洋商报 - 北马区
https://www.enanyang.my/北马/不仅储蓄-投资也是理财
谢谢 💓 The Star The Star
https://www.thestar.com.my/metro/metro-news/2021/07/15/pandemic-driven-financial-habits
Facing financial problems during the fighting periods against the pandemic
Dr Tan Chuan Hong: Welcome to free registration for attending 711 Mandarin Personal Financial Planning Forum.
The Chairman of the Malaysian Financial Planning Council Penang Chapter, Dr. Tan Chuan Hong urged the public to register to join the forum which will be held on July 11 (Sunday) at 2:30 pm. The forum “Knowledge, Attitude and Implementation of Personal Financial Planning during the Fighting Period against the Pandemic" is organised by Penang Chinese Town Hall Youth together with live broadcaster "Ling Listening to Your Heart".
He said that during the fighting period of more than a year against the pandemic, many people are facing financial pressures and suffering from mental illnesses such as depression, and there is a gradual increase in them.
Dr Tan Chuan Hong said that beside public hope that the government can give more assistance and revitalization packages to assist them, the council also hopes to provide more correct and positive financial management knowledge through this Personal Financial Planning forum. So that, the public can have a broader and long-term vision to deal with their own financial problems, whether it is to increase income and reduce expenditure, relieve debt pressure, prudent and smart investment or asset allocation and other arrangements as well as have a better understanding and wise decision-making.
"In terms of financial management attitude, we should handle financial crisis more carefully, and at the same time avoid overconfidence and fluke mentality to seek for opportunities of rapid gaining investment.”
Dr Tan Chuan Hong hopes that through this Personal Financial Planning forum, people can have a more rational attitude and strive to reduce emotional consumption when implementing their own money and avoid falling into investment scams with smarter financial management.
In addition, Penang Chinese Town Hall Youth YouTalk Online Bureau Chief said that the online live broadcast sharing session planned by Penang Chinese Town Hall Youth will mainly discuss about public welfare content related to citizens' awareness.
This is the sixth event which was also co-organized by the Penang Chapter of MFPC collaborated with famous artist Cindy Po 傅丽玲 ; and an interview will be carried out among Deputy President of Malaysian Financial Plaining Council Dr Chong Kok Fei who is also a Financial Education Manager of AKPK together with Chairman of MFPC Penang Chapter and Certified MFPC Trainer Dr Tan Chuan Hong.
Those who are interested in participating in this online Personal Financial Planning online forum can register for free (for the public) https://1st.mfpc.org.my/PublicEventRegistration/280, and (for MFPC members) through https://1st.mfpc .org.my and will get 2 CPDs points.
fighting with 中文 在 吳文遠 Avery Ng Facebook 的精選貼文
【吳文遠十一遊行案法庭陳詞 — 中文譯本】
法官閣下:
從小我父母便教我要有同理心,要關顧社會上相對不幸的人。儘管在早年職業生涯上取得不俗成就,但我從來沒有意欲將追求個人財富視為人生目標。
當我在國外生活了多年後回到香港定居時,我為這個我自豪地稱之為家的城市,存在如此嚴重的社會不平等而感到困惑和擔憂。 令我震驚的是,社會如何漠視對窮人和少數族裔的歧視。既有的社會結構,有時甚至會鼓勵這種歧視繼續發生。同時,我們也無法一如其它地方,享有基本的民主權利和自由。
這些都是我參與社會運動以至參與政治的動機。我希望盡己所能,為被忽視的弱勢階層鼓與呼,替不能為自己發聲的人說話。
與許多人相比,我很幸運能夠接受良好教育,並擁有一定程度上的財務自由和社會地位。我們很幸運,能夠過上舒適生活,並有自由選擇我們的道路。我選擇為社會平等而奮鬥。其實這個法庭上許多人都差不多,我們都喜歡香港,這個稱為家的地方。或許我們在生活中選擇了不同的角色,但目標都是相同:為他人服務。
可悲的是,我擔心我們已經逐漸成為社會制度中的例外。當下許多香港人根本沒有那些機會,包括貧困長者,欠缺向上流動機會、被邊緣化的年輕人,還有犧牲所有時間但只能為家庭僅僅維持基本生活的工人。這些人再努力,生活中的選擇仍然局限於維持生計。對他們來說,「選擇」是負擔不起的奢侈品,更不用說如何決定自己的命運。
在生活壓力下,我們的視野通常很難超越自身的社交圈子,更難的是對陌生人展現同理心。兩極化的政治分歧產生越來越多裂痕,令我們有時候無法互相理解、和而不同,亦不願意試圖尋求某種程度的妥協。
我一直希望,一個較民主的制度能夠成為一道橋樑,彌合上述社會鴻溝,或者至少容讓我們選擇怎樣共同生活。
2019年的動盪,為整個社會帶來了沉重的打擊。無論政治立場如何,我敢肯定這個法庭上有許多人,都為此而傷心欲絕。整座城市都被不信任、仇恨和恐懼所淹沒。今天固然不是討論這個問題的合適地方,但我希望法庭能夠理解,僅靠司法機構並不能解決已經根深蒂固的社會政治鴻溝。
我們需要集體力量、勇氣、誠實和同理心來修補我們的家。看看幾位同案被告,他們在服務社會方面有著非凡的紀錄。比起囚禁在監獄,我相信他們能夠對社會作出更大貢獻。
為了追求全體香港人的權利,我的確違反了法律,並且已準備面對法院的判決。令人敬重的幾位同案被告,畢生捍衛法治,為民主而戰,為無聲者發聲,我十分榮幸能夠與他們並肩同行。
我相信終有一天,籠罩我們城市的烏雲將會消散,光明將會重臨,愛和同理心將會戰勝歸來。
吳文遠
2021年5月24日
Avery Ng Man Yuen’s Statement
Your Honour,
I was brought up by my parents to value the importance of empathy, to care and to feel for others in our community less fortunate. Although I enjoyed great success early in my career, I never had a desire to pursue personal wealth in the more traditional sense.
When I settled back in Hong Kong after years of living abroad, I was baffled and disturbed by how severe the social inequality existed in a city I am proud to call my home. I was struck at how discrimination against the poor and the minorities far too often goes ignored or can even at times is encouraged by the established social structure; and how we cannot have the basic democratic rights and freedoms that other places enjoy.
These were my motivations to join social activism and enter into politics. I chose to spend my energy to speak for the underprivileged, the disenchanted and often ignored segments of society. To offer a voice for those who could not speak for themselves.
Compared to many, I am privileged to have a great education and a certain level of financial freedom and social standing. We are fortunate enough to be able to lead comfortable lives and have the freedom to choose the path that we take. I chose to fight for social equality. Many of those in this court are not that much different. We all love Hong Kong, the place we call home. We chose our different roles in life but with the same aim: to serve others.
Sadly, I fear that many of us are increasingly the exception to the rule. Today far too many Hong Kong people do not have that chance, whether that is our elderly who live in poverty, marginalized youth with few opportunities for social mobility, or workers who give up all their time slaving away to provide the bare minimum for their families. These people all struggle to make ends meet with very limited options in life. “Choice” for them is a luxury that they cannot afford. Let alone having the gratification of being able to dictate their own destiny.
I recognise, with the pressures of life, it is often difficult for people to see beyond their own social bubble. It is harder still to acquire empathy for strangers. Polarized political division increasingly has driven a wedge between people, making it sometimes impossible for people to understand and empathise with one another, to disagree agreeably, and attempt to find some level of compromise.
It has always been my hope that a more democratic system could be the bridge that heals this social divide or at the very least allow us to choose how we can live together in our home.
I’m certain that none of us in this court wanted to see the turmoil in 2019, which has seen our whole society suffer regardless of political preference. Distrust, hatred, and fear has engulfed Hong Kong. Today is certainly not the right forum for this immense topic. However, I hope the court can understand that the Judiciary alone cannot resolve the deep-rooted socio-political divide which exist.
It will take our collective strength, courage, honesty, and empathy to mend our home. Looking at my fellow defendants with their extraordinary history in serving this society, I believe they can do far greater good among us in society than being locked in prison.
In pursuit of the rights of all Hong Kong people, I have broken the law. I am prepared to face the court’s judgement. I am proud to be in the company of my esteemed fellows who have spent their lives championing the rule of law, fighting for the democracy and voicing for the voiceless.
I believe the storm-clouds that currently reside over our home will one day lift, and make way for a bright and clear day. I believe love and empathy will eventually prevail.
————————————
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⭐️支持文遠⭐️請訂閱Patreon⭐️
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fighting with 中文 在 FengXu Ch. 風絮 Youtube 的最佳解答
這周是 TWAP 奮戰週!風火眠 Fighting!! #WTSMWIN
隊友有
@TSMATCH火柴
Mayumin Ch.繭眠 ( 爛殭屍標不到 )
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC7giliMJeLyow68hd_i0DpA
直播/影片按喜歡👍,風絮會hen愛你的 (*´∀`)~♥
🌪直播小守則🌪
►不要造成聊天室洗版或者發表是不禮貌/不理性的留言
►除非風絮提到,不然盡量不要去提及其他Vtuber/Youtuber
►如果看到聊天室有任何人在做以上的行為,直接封鎖或忽視即可,盡量不要在聊天室中互相起爭執哦!
►不要在直播中提及前世身分或暗示影響直播進行
►最後記得互相尊重,一起享受直播吧💨
🌪Chat rules🌪
►Try not to spam in the chat or use some bad words
►Unless FengXu mention it, try not to discuss other Vtuber/Youtuber in the chat.
►If you see anyone doing things above, just ignored it or block it. Try not to fight with them in the chat.
►Last one is just respect each other and enjoy the stream!
#台V #台灣Vtuber #Vtuber
🌪Live Tag : #阿絮起風了
🌪Casual Tag : #阿絮日常
🌪Fan Name : #風信子
🌪Fan Art : #WindofArt ※可能作為素材使用
🌪R18 Tag : #NSFWind
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fighting with 中文 在 FengXu Ch. 風絮 Youtube 的最讚貼文
這周是 TWAP 奮戰週!風火眠 Fighting!! #WTSMWIN
隊友有
@TSMATCH火柴
Mayumin Ch.繭眠 ( 爛殭屍標不到 )
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC7giliMJeLyow68hd_i0DpA
直播/影片按喜歡👍,風絮會hen愛你的 (*´∀`)~♥
🌪直播小守則🌪
►不要造成聊天室洗版或者發表是不禮貌/不理性的留言
►除非風絮提到,不然盡量不要去提及其他Vtuber/Youtuber
►如果看到聊天室有任何人在做以上的行為,直接封鎖或忽視即可,盡量不要在聊天室中互相起爭執哦!
►不要在直播中提及前世身分或暗示影響直播進行
►最後記得互相尊重,一起享受直播吧💨
🌪Chat rules🌪
►Try not to spam in the chat or use some bad words
►Unless FengXu mention it, try not to discuss other Vtuber/Youtuber in the chat.
►If you see anyone doing things above, just ignored it or block it. Try not to fight with them in the chat.
►Last one is just respect each other and enjoy the stream!
#台V #台灣Vtuber #Vtuber
🌪Live Tag : #阿絮起風了
🌪Casual Tag : #阿絮日常
🌪Fan Name : #風信子
🌪Fan Art : #WindofArt ※可能作為素材使用
🌪R18 Tag : #NSFWind
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fighting with 中文 在 馮韋元Francois Devatine Youtube 的最佳貼文
法國已經第二次的封城。。。
那我。。住在台灣,台灣的疫情管理非常成功。有一些新聞説台灣是世界上最成功管理疫情的國家。
比如:https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/4046909
我一直在問自己:爲什麽法國的政治的人,新聞,科學家都不在講到台灣??台灣疫情管理世界上最成功!我們法國的媒體都在講國内的事情而已,偶爾在講鄰居的事情 (都是疫情管理不太成功的國家)。
爲什麽不要講到台灣?爲什麽不要學台灣怎麽成功的??
我在這影片不會分享自己的意見,不是我的責任,我不是專業的一生。但是我想强調的是台灣做得非常好,我希望法國可以多研究台灣做了什麽,才可以成功!
我在影片講到的新聞:
https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/4040498
https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/4046909
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France is already under the second lockdown to deal with the coronavirus.
In parallel, I have been living in Taiwan, which is in the top countries of the world for their handling of the epidemic. Actually a lot of media recognize Taiwan as being THE most successful country dealing with the epidemic.
For example this news from the Brookings institute saying that Taiwan is the first country in the world in term of success fighting the covid19 based on number of deaths X GDP growth in this period: https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/4046909
I keep questioning myself: Why are the French media, politicians and scientists not actively talking and studying about the different measures that Taiwan has taken to deal with the epidemic?
In France, we have a very self-centered media that only looks at our own struggle, or sometimes the neighbors, Spain, UK, etc, which don't do very well either.
Why aren't we constantly talking about how Taiwan is dealing with the epidemics? Why aren't we trying to learn something from Taiwan?
In this video, I will not give any particular advice on how to deal with the epidemics, because it is not my area of expertise. I just want to emphasize the fact that Taiwan has been doing extremely well, and I wish France would look into this seriously from now on.
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