剛才看到一篇有趣的文章, 將各國語言排名, 選出最強大語言前十名。排名依據以下五個指標:
地理--該語言使用國家數; 這些國家的土地面積; 到這些國家觀光的人數
經濟--該語言使用國的國民生產毛額; 出口; 外匯市場; 特別提款權
傳播--以該語言為母語的人數; 為第二語言的人數; 該語言使用國家的出口觀光人數
知識與媒體--該語言在網路, 影片和學術期刊上的分量; 該語言使用國的大學全球排名
外交--該語言在國際組織的使用程度
英語當然穩坐冠軍寶座, 然後是華語, 法語, 西班牙語, 阿拉伯語, 俄語, 德語, 日語, 葡語, 北印度語。台灣人很幸福, 母語是中文, 從小學英語, 不少台灣人英語程度嚇嚇叫, 走遍半個世界沒問題。
根據預測, 到了西元 2050 年, 排名不會有太大變化, 第一名仍是英語, 第二仍是華語。西班牙語會跟法語名次對調, 第四升到第三。日語則會掉到第十。
阿甘前年到南美洲旅遊時領教到西語的壟斷性, 好多地方英語完全不通, 不會西語就像啞巴一般。其實美國也蠻多西語裔移民, 如果有時間和毅力學第三外語, 阿甘會選擇西班牙語, 因為太實用啦! 但是年紀漸長, 腦袋不靈光了, 大概很難學到流利。 (阿甘的第二外語是日語, 專科時學過三年)
你學過哪些? 覺得好學嗎?
同時也有1部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過39萬的網紅Chen Lily,也在其Youtube影片中提到,🌲 Lily英文聊天術(口說課程):https://bit.ly/36I05CF 📚 Lily新制托福課程:https://bit.ly/2GIs3mC Blog Post "Wow! Your English is really good!": https://goo.gl/ZCpj7o 8:...
dominant language 中文 在 Chen Lily Facebook 的最佳貼文
你們知道會說很多種語言的人,要怎麼判斷自己的dominant language是什麼嗎?Dominant language好難翻譯,大概可以想成「最強的語言」?我覺得判斷方式相當有趣👇
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1️⃣數數的時候用什麼語言2️⃣跟寵物講話用什麼語言
一般人都能輕易分辨自己最強的語言,但對於比較均衡發展的雙語或多語者來說,反而可能很模糊。
不是每個人的dominant language 都是母語喔!而且一個人的dominant language 在一生中也可能會變換,端看身處的環境與使用頻率。
原來中文衰退是真的,不過像我跟Cutie當然都講中文,還給他取個名字叫油雞。
以前朋友來我都說,我的貓要trilingual(強烈懷疑他來之前是法文家庭的🐱),不過說穿了就是我跟她講中文是最自在的😆
👇留言告訴我你的dominant language?會不會大家都是中文?😅
PS. 誠如大家所知,我連續三天都在家拍片剪片弄研究,所以完全不是長這種樣子哈哈哈哈,但我覺得拍桌上一堆空酒瓶,我也是沒這個臉😆.
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dominant language 中文 在 貓的成長美股異想世界 Facebook 的最讚貼文
[美國文化觀察]
川普前幾天說, 以後的移民要在移民美國時, 就要會說英文. 經濟學人這篇文章講的挺好: 其實移民移居美國後, 早晚都會說英文的.
在我身上其實也應證了這說法. 旅居美國十幾年, 雖然平常有跟此地的台灣同胞保持互動, 但因為身處在美語環境, 也為了生存下去, 所以我漸漸地習慣說英文, 聽英文歌, 看美國電視, 看原文書. 我也很清楚地意識到, 自己的母語(中文)能力在退化中. 所以我前幾年開始接英翻中的case, 而兩年前也開始藉著寫中文個股分析與開部落格來彌補這問題. 很多時候不是我故意在秀英文, 而是我真的不知道該用甚麼中文字來表達意思了, 或是我覺得用英文能夠更傳神地表達我的想法.
"Rather than refusing to learn English, today’s immigrants actually abandon their first language much more readily than previous generations. German, the language spoken by the president’s ancestors, is a case in point. Germans arrived in America in big waves in the middle of the 19th century. Generations later, they were still speaking German at home; a small number were even monolingual in German despite being born in America. Only with America’s entry into the first world war did German-speakers drop their suddenly unpopular language.
Today the typical pattern is that the arriving generation speaks little English, or learns it imperfectly; the first children born in America are bilingual, but English-dominant, and their children hardly speak the heritage language. This is as true of Hispanics as it is of speakers of smaller languages—and all without a lecture from the White House."
以下是全文:
DONALD TRUMP’s young administration is adept at one particular manoeuvre. Whenever the president is having a terrible time in the press, for some embarrassing statement, interview or imbroglio, the White House announces a far-reaching policy designed to stoke up his nationalist base while infuriating his opponents. In February it was the proposed ban on visitors from seven mainly Muslim countries. Last month it was the announcement on Twitter that he would not let transgender soldiers serve in the military.
In each case, the new policy tends to hurt people who can be portrayed as threatening outsiders to ordinary Americans who work hard and pay their taxes. Yesterday’s announcement to back a months-old plan to overhaul America’s immigration rules falls in the same category. If implemented, it would reward applicants with sought-after job skills who already speak English, at the expense of low-skilled workers without language skills.
This may seem perfectly sensible: after all, skilled immigrants are a good thing. But as an ongoing shortage of farm workers in California shows, unskilled immigrants are just as crucial. Equally, it is a good thing if immigrants speak English. But they need not speak it before arrival: as it is impossible to participate fully in American life without speaking English, the incentive to learn it quickly is overwhelming.
The administration’s emphasis on English skills therefore harks back to an old myth that the linguistic make-up of America, which has been an English-dominant country for a long time, is changing: that the status of English is somehow threatened, especially by Spanish, but more generally by the notion that English is no longer needed in the economy.
The myth goes something like this: today’s immigrants want to come to America to isolate themselves into communities that do not speak English. American policy tacitly encourages this by not being tough enough in requiring English. In the past, immigrants happily learned English quickly; “my grandpa came here from the old country but he refused to speak his old language; he insisted on getting by in his broken English until he was fluent.” But today’s immigrants no longer do so, as multiculturalism has replaced the melting pot.
All of this is wrong. America began as a thin band of English colonies clinging to the eastern coast, vastly outnumbered by speakers of other languages. The foreign-born percentage of the population peaked not last year—the administration likes to talk of “unprecedented” numbers—but in 1890, when the share of foreign-born residents was at an all-time high of 14.8%. This proportion has risen again after declining in the mid-20th century (it stood at 12.9% in the 2010 census). America today has multilingual big cities with their voting instructions in Korean, Chinese and Russian.
Historically, this is the norm rather than the exception: the years from 1925 to 1965, when immigration was almost completely cut off, were unusual. But those born from the 1940s to the 1960s became used to the low numbers of foreign-born residents, regarding this state as normal. That in turn supported a belief that America has always naturally belonged completely to English.
For most of its history, America was precisely the “polyglot boardinghouse” Teddy Roosevelt once worried it would become. That history has turned out very well not just for America, but for English—the most successful language in the history of the world. Along with American power, English has spread around the globe. At home, wave after wave after wave of immigrants to America have not only learned English but forgotten the languages their parents brought with them.
Rather than refusing to learn English, today’s immigrants actually abandon their first language much more readily than previous generations. German, the language spoken by the president’s ancestors, is a case in point. Germans arrived in America in big waves in the middle of the 19th century. Generations later, they were still speaking German at home; a small number were even monolingual in German despite being born in America. Only with America’s entry into the first world war did German-speakers drop their suddenly unpopular language.
Today the typical pattern is that the arriving generation speaks little English, or learns it imperfectly; the first children born in America are bilingual, but English-dominant, and their children hardly speak the heritage language. This is as true of Hispanics as it is of speakers of smaller languages—and all without a lecture from the White House.
dominant language 中文 在 Chen Lily Youtube 的最讚貼文
🌲 Lily英文聊天術(口說課程):https://bit.ly/36I05CF
📚 Lily新制托福課程:https://bit.ly/2GIs3mC
Blog Post "Wow! Your English is really good!": https://goo.gl/ZCpj7o
8:19 修正:quote end quote 才對,也有人說是 quote unquote,不過絕對不是quote and quote,我上字的時候上錯了 GG
quote unquote 的意思是想強調一個 questionable term,有點像中文裡刻意加上下引號。我在影片裡一直引號native speaker是因為這個詞本身的定義就很多種。最狹義的定義,也是我們最常認知的定義,就是第一語言學該種語言的人。不過隨者語言學習狀態的多變,有些人生來學的第一種語言未必是dominant language,所以所謂 native 的定義越來越多元!(很有趣吧,嘿嘿)
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我是Lily Chen. 加拿大McGill University 語言教育碩士
我的頻道分享語言學習方法、實境生活英文,以及留學、托福相關資訊
希望能藉由應用語言學的知識,讓更多人成為自信的bilingual(雙語者)
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