เราติดต่อสื่อสารกับยานสำรวจอวกาศ New Horizons ได้อย่างไร?
นี่น่าจะเป็นคำถามหนึ่งที่โดนถามมาบ่อยที่สุดแล้วครับ เลยถือโอกาสตอบเอาไว้ตอนนี้เลย
เราสามารถติดต่อสื่อสารกับยานอวกาศทุกลำในอวกาศ ได้ด้วยคลื่นวิทยุ เราคุ้นเคยกับคลื่นวิทยุอยู่แล้ว ในรูปของวิทยุกระจายเสียงที่เราฟังกันในรถ จริงๆ แล้วคลื่นวิทยุและคลื่นแสง ต่างก็เป็นคลื่นแม่เหล็กไฟฟ้า โดยธรรมชาติแล้วคลื่นวิทยุไม่มีความแตกต่างอะไรจากแสงที่เรามองเห็นเลย นอกเสียจากความถี่เท่านั้นเอง นอกจากนี้คลื่นแม่เหล็กไฟฟ้าอื่นๆ ที่เราอาจจะค...
Continue ReadingHow do we communicate with new horizons spaceship?
This is probably one of the most often asked questions, so I took a chance to answer it now.
We can communicate with every spaceship in space with radio waves. We are already familiar with radio waves. In the radio broadcasting we listen to in the car. Actually radio waves and light waves are naturally electromagnetic waves. There is no difference. From the light we can see, unless the frequency, other electromagnetic waves we may be familiar with is microwave, infrared, x, gamma rays are all electromagnetic waves.
Electromagnetic wave is an intermediary wave to travel, so it can travel through space. This is why we can see the light from galaxies that are millions of light years away while we can't hear from the sun explosion. That happens continuously (due to sound waves not traveling in vacuum). All kinds of electromagnetic waves travel through space at light speed or around 300,000 km / sec.
The light from our sun takes about 8 minutes to arrive at our planet, while Pluto light will take about 4.5 hours. That means any radio signal that new horizons deliver will take 4.5 hours to arrive. Our world
We contact new horizons spacecraft using x band, which involves the microwave range on earth. We use x band wave range to detect objects by new horizons spacecradar. Send and receive signals with earth via size signals. 2 metres attached to the earth ship. We have a "Deep Space Network ( DSN )" signal that is spread around the world so that can receive signal at any time with three stations at Barstow, California; Madrid , Spain; and Canberra, Australia in the picture is one of deep space network's Transmitter stations.
When space exploration is further from earth, the signal will weaken as normal, resulting in transmitter rate. While new horizons spaceship is at Jupiter's orbit will have a transmission rate of about 38 kilobit per second ( Kbps) If anyone remembers when it took 36 k modem to connect the internet and download pictures, that's the speed that new horizons spaceship used to send Jupiter photos back to earth.
However, when it reaches Pluto orbit, the distance of over 5 billion kilometers, the transmission rate decreased to 1-2 kbps. This slow transmission rate makes most of the data of new horizons are still stored. In Memory and can't be returned to the world. We only have 5 % of all data sent during flyby and we have to wait until the end of 2016 to send all the data back.
In addition, new horizons spaceship has no moving parts. That means whenever the ship is recording scientific data, it will not turn the plate back to earth and can't send data at the same time with storage whenever the ship is empty, except storage. So I can turn to the world to send information.
And Although most of the storage is over, deep space network project still have many spaceship to keep track of new horizons, so we have to wait for their queue to send them little information at first to send the information passed. Compressed before and we on earth have to wait for the full resolution.
Photo: NASA
Read more:
[1] http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/Mission/Spacecraft/Data-Collection.php
[2] http://deepspace.jpl.nasa.gov/about/#Translated
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